J Prev Med Public Health.  2014 Jul;47(4):216-229. 10.3961/jpmph.2014.47.4.216.

The Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and the Framingham Risk Score in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Intervention Over the Last 17 Years by Gender: Time-trend Analysis From the Mayo Clinic PCI Registry

• Lee MS
• Flammer AJ
• Kim HS
• Hong JY
• Li J
• Lennon RJ
• Lerman A

• KMID: 2381419
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2014.47.4.216

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study aims to investigate trends of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor profiles over 17 years in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients at the Mayo Clinic.
METHODS
We performed a time-trend analysis within the Mayo Clinic PCI Registry from 1994 to 2010. Results were the incidence and prevalence of CVD risk factors as estimate by the Framingham risk score.
RESULTS
Between 1994 and 2010, 25 519 patients underwent a PCI. During the time assessed, the mean age at PCI became older, but the gender distribution did not change. A significant trend towards higher body mass index and more prevalent hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and diabetes was found over time. The prevalence of current smokers remained unchanged. The prevalence of ever-smokers decreased among males, but increased among females. However, overall CVD risk according to the Framingham risk score (FRS) and 10-year CVD risk significantly decreased. The use of most of medications elevated from 1994 to 2010, except for beta-blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors decreased after 2007 and 2006 in both baseline and discharge, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Most of the major risk factors improved and the FRS and 10-year CVD risk declined in this population of PCI patients. However, obesity, history of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, and medication use increased substantially. Improvements to blood pressure and lipid profile management because of medication use may have influenced the positive trends.

Keyword

Cardiovascular diseases; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Trends; Risk factors

MeSH Terms

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use
Age Factors
Aged
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
Cardiovascular Diseases/complications/drug therapy/*epidemiology
Diabetes Complications
Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis
Female
Humans
Hypercholesterolemia/complications/diagnosis
Hypertension/complications/diagnosis
Male
Middle Aged
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/*statistics & numerical data/trends
Prevalence
Registries/statistics & numerical data
Risk Factors
Smoking
Time Factors
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors