Restor Dent Endod.  2016 Aug;41(3):202-209. 10.5395/rde.2016.41.3.202.

Involvement of TRPA1 in the cinnamaldehyde-induced pulpal blood flow change in the feline dental pulp

• Kim D
• Lee MH
• Kim SK

• KMID: 2346769
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.3.202

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of TRPA1 in the cinnamaldehyde-induced pulpal blood flow (PBF) change in the feline dental pulp.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Mandibles of eight cats were immobilized and PBF was monitored with a laser Doppler flowmetry at the mandibular canine tooth. To evaluate the effect of cinnamaldehyde on PBF, cinnamaldehyde was injected into the pulp through the lingual artery at a constant rate for 60 seconds. As a control, a mixture of 70% ethanol and 30% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, vehicle) was used. To evaluate the involvement of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in PBF change, AP18, a specific TRPA1 antagonist, was applied into the pulp through the Class V dentinal cavity followed by cinnamaldehyde-administration 3 minutes later. The paired variables of experimental data were statistically analyzed using paired t-test. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
RESULTS
Administration of cinnamaldehyde (0.5 mg/kg, intra-arterial [i.a.]) induced significant increases in PBF (p < 0.05). While administration of a TRPA1 antagonist, AP18 (2.5 - 3.0 mM, into the dentinal cavity [i.c.]) caused insignificant change of PBF (p > 0.05), administration of cinnamaldehyde (0.5 mg/kg, i.a.) following the application of AP18 (2.5 - 3.0 mM, i.c.) resulted in an attenuation of PBF increase from the control level (p < 0.05). As a result, a TRPA1 antagonist, AP18 effectively inhibited the vasodilative effect of cinnamaldehyde (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The result of the present study provided a functional evidence that TRPA1 is involved in the mechanism of cinnamaldehyde-induced vasodilation in the feline dental pulp.

Keyword

Blood flow; Cinnamaldehyde; Dental pulp; TRPA1

MeSH Terms

Animals
Ankyrins
Arteries
Cats
Cuspid
Dental Pulp*
Dentin
Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Ethanol
Laser-Doppler Flowmetry
Mandible
Vasodilation
Ankyrins
Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Ethanol

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Schematic diagram of experiment design. Pulpal blood flow was measured at tooth surface by a laser Doppler flowmeter. Femoral artery was cannulated for monitoring of systemic blood pressure and femoral vein was cannulated for injection of supplemental anesthetics. TRPA1 antagonist was administered through the dentinal cavity and cinnamaldehyde was injected into the pulp through the lingual artery. TRPA1, transient receptor potential ankyrin 1.

• 

  Figure 2 Typical strip-chart recordings of systemic blood pressure and pulpal blood flow (PBF). (a) Cinnamaldehyde (0.5 mg/kg, i.a.) resulted in a significant increase of PBF; (b) TRPA1 antagonist, AP18 (2.5 - 3.0 mM, i.c.), effectively attenuated an increase in PBF induced by cinnamaldehyde (0.5 mg/kg, i.a.) (p < 0.05). i.a., intra-arterial; i.c., into the dentinal cavity.

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