J Korean Acad Prosthodont.  2016 Jul;54(3):203-209. 10.4047/jkap.2016.54.3.203.

Effects of enamel matrix derivatives on the proliferation and the release of growth factors of human periodontal ligament cells

• Jung GU
• Pang EK

• KMID: 2344857
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2016.54.3.203

Abstract

PURPOSE
Stimulating the proliferation and migration of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) has become the main goal of periodontal regeneration. To accomplish this goal, regeneration procedures have been developed, but results have not been predictable. Recently, tissue engineering using enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) and growth factors has been applied to periodontal regeneration; however, the mechanism of EMDs is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EMDs on the proliferation and release of growth factors from PDLCs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Human PDLCs were removed from individually extracted 3rd molars of healthy young adults, and cultured in the media containing EMDs (Emdogain, Biora, Malmo, Sweden) at concentration of 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL each. Cell proliferation and ALP (alka-line phosphatase) activity were measured. The evaluation of growth factors released by PDLCs was also performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test.
RESULTS
Significantly increased proliferation and ALP activity were observed in PDLCs treated with over 25 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL EMDs, respectively. Additionally, treatment of PDLCs with 50 µg/mL resulted in significantly increased release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β after 24 h and 48 h, respectively.
CONCLUSION
EMDs enhance the proliferation and ALP activity of PDLCs, and promote the release of growth factors, including VEGF and TGF-β, from PDLCs. Therefore EMDs could be one of the effective methods for periodontal regeneration.

Keyword

Enamel matrix derivatives; Periodontal ligament; Periodontal regeneration; Tissue engineering; Growth factor

MeSH Terms

Cell Proliferation
Dental Enamel*
Humans*
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins*
Molar
Periodontal Ligament*
Regeneration
Tissue Engineering
Transforming Growth Factors
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Young Adult
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Transforming Growth Factors
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Figure

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  Fig. 1. The effect of different enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) concentrations on the proliferation of PDLCs. The results represent the means ± SD of three replicates. ∗ Significantly different from the control group (P < .05).

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  Fig. 2. The effects of different EMDs concentrations on the ALP activity of PDLCs. The results represent the means ± SD of three replicates. ∗ Significantly different from the control group (P < .05).

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  Fig. 3. Time-dependent effect of EMDs (50 μ g/mL) on the release of VEGF from PDLCs. The results represent the means ± SD of three replicates. ∗ Significantly different from the control group (P < .05).

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  Fig. 4. Time-dependent effect of EMDs (50 μ g/mL) on the release of TGF-β from PDLCs. The results represent the means ± SD of three replicates. ∗ Significantly different from the control group (P < .05).

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