Restor Dent Endod.  2015 Feb;40(1):68-74. 10.5395/rde.2015.40.1.68.

Effect of additional etching and ethanol-wet bonding on the dentin bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives

• Ahn J
• Jung KH
• Son SA
• Hur B
• Kwon YH
• Park JK

• KMID: 2316926
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.1.68

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study examined the effects of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives with different compositions and pH. The effect of ethanol wetting on etched dentin bond strength of self-etch adhesives was also evaluated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty-two human permanent molars were classified into 21 groups according to the adhesive types (Clearfil SE Bond [SE, control]; G-aenial Bond [GB]; Xeno V [XV]; Beauti Bond [BB]; Adper Easy Bond [AE]; Single Bond Universal [SU]; All Bond Universal [AU]), and the dentin conditioning methods. Composite resins were placed on the dentin surfaces, and the teeth were sectioned. The microtensile bond strength was measured, and the failure mode of the fractured specimens was examined. The data were analyzed statistically using two-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test.
RESULTS
In GB, XV and SE (pH < or = 2), the bond strength was decreased significantly when the dentin was etched (p < 0.05). In BB, AE and SU (pH 2.4 - 2.7), additional etching did not affect the bond strength (p > 0.05). In AU (pH = 3.2), additional etching increased the bond strength significantly (p < 0.05). When adhesives were applied to the acid etched dentin with ethanol-wet bonding, the bond strength was significantly higher than that of the no ethanol-wet bonding groups, and the incidence of cohesive failure was increased.
CONCLUSIONS
The effect of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength was influenced by the pH of one-step self-etch adhesives. Ethanol wetting on etched dentin could create a stronger bonding performance of one-step self-etch adhesives for acid etched dentin.

Keyword

Ethanol-wet bonding; One-step self-etch adhesive; pH of adhesives

MeSH Terms

Adhesives*
Composite Resins
Dentin*
Ethanol
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Incidence
Molar
Tooth
Adhesives
Composite Resins
Ethanol

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Effect of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength (MPa) of adhesives. The asterisk indicates that there was significant difference. µTBS, microtensile bond strength; NOAE, no acid etching; AESEW, acid etching without ethanol wet-bonding; SE, Clearfil SE Bond; GB, Gaenial bond; XV, Xeno V; BB, BeutiBond; AE, Adper Easy Bond; SU, Single Bond Universal; AU, All bond Universal.

• 

  Figure 2 Effect of wetting etched dentin with ethanol on the dentin bond strength (MPa) of adhesives. The asterisk indicates that there was significant difference. µTBS, microtensile bond strength; AESEW, acid etching without ethanol-wet bonding; AEWEW, acid etching with ethanol-wet bonding; SE, Clearfil SE Bond; GB, Gaenial bond; XV, Xeno V; BB, BeutiBond; AE, Adper Easy Bond; SU, Single Bond Universal; AU, All bond Universal.

Reference

1. Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Vargas M, Vijay P, Van Landuyt K, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Buonocore memorial lecture. Adhesion to enamel and dentin: current status and future challenges. Oper Dent. 2003; 28:215–235.

2. Peumans M, Kanumilli P, De Munck J, Van Landuyt K, Lambrechts P, Van Meerbeek B. Clinical effectiveness of contemporary adhesives: a systematic review of current clinical trials. Dent Mater. 2005; 21:864–881.

3. Peumans M, De Munck J, Van Landuyt KL, Poitevin A, Lambrechts P, Van Meerbeek B. Eight-year clinical evalution of a two-step self-etch adhesive with and without selective enamel etching. Dent Mater. 2010; 26:1176–1184.

4. Akimoto N, Takamizu M, Momoi Y. 10-year clinical evaluation of a self-etching adhesive system. Oper Dent. 2007; 32:3–10.

5. Van Dijken JW, Sunnegårdh-Grönberg K, Lindberg A. Clinical long-term retention of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems in non-carious cervical lesions. A 13 years evaluation. Dent Mater. 2007; 23:1101–1107.

6. Perdigão J, Geraldeli S, Hodges JS. Total-etch versus self-etch adhesive: effect on postoperative sensitivity. J Am Dent Assoc. 2003; 134:1621–1629.

7. Unemori M, Matsuya Y, Akashi A, Goto Y, Akamine A. Self-etching adhesives and postoperative sensitivity. Am J Dent. 2004; 17:191–195.

8. Tay FR, King NM, Chan KM, Pashley DH. How can nanoleakage occur in self-etching adhesives systems that demineralize and infiltrate simultaneously? J Adhes Dent. 2002; 4:255–269.

9. Perdigão J, Geraldeli S. Bonding characteristics of self-etching adhesives to intact versus prepared enamel. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2003; 15:32–41.

10. De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B, Satoshi I, Vargas M, Yoshida Y, Armstrong S, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Microtensile bond strengths of one- and two-step self-etch adhesives to bur-cut enamel and dentin. Am J Dent. 2003; 16:414–420.

11. Abo T, Uno S, Sano H. Comparison of bonding efficacy of an all-in-one adhesive with a self-etching primer system. Eur J Oral Sci. 2004; 112:286–292.

12. Van Landuyt KL, Kanumilli P, De Munck J, Peumans M, Lambrechts P, Van Meerbeek B. Bond strength of a mild self-etch adhesive with and without prior acid-etching. J Dent. 2006; 34:77–85.

13. Torii Y, Itou K, Nishitani Y, Ishikawa K, Suzuki K. Effect of phosphoric acid etching prior to self-etching primer application on adhesion of resin composite to enamel and dentin. Am J Dent. 2002; 15:305–308.

14. Gokce K, Aykor A, Ersoy M, Ozel E, Soyman M. Effect of phosphoric acid etching and self-etching primer application methods on dentinal shear bond strength. J Adhes Dent. 2008; 10:345–349.

15. Sano H, Shono T, Takatsu T, Hosada H. Microporous dentin zone beneath resin-impregnated layer. Oper Dent. 1994; 19:59–64.

16. Breschi L, Mazzoni A, Ruggeri A, Cadenaro M, Di Lenarda R, De Stefano Dorigo E. Dental adhesion review: aging and stability of the bonded interface. Dent Mater. 2008; 24:90–101.

17. Taschner M, Nato F, Mazzoni A, Frankenberger R, Krämer N, Di Lenarda R, Petschelt A, Breschi L. Role of preliminary etching for one-step self-etch adhesives. Eur J Oral Sci. 2010; 118:517–524.

18. Erhardt MC, Cavalcante LM, Pimenta LA. Influence of phosphoric acid pre-treatment on self-etching bond strength. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2004; 16:33–40.

19. Ikeda M, Kurokawa H, Sunada N, Tamura Y, Takimoto M, Murayama R, Ando S, Miyazaki M. Influence of previous acid etching on dentin bond strength of self-etch adhesives. J Oral Sci. 2009; 51:527–534.

20. Hosaka K, Nishitani Y, Tagami J, Yoshiyama M, Brackett WW, Agee KA, Tay FR, Pashley DH. Durability of resin-dentin bonds to water- vs. ethanol-saturated dentin. J Dent Res. 2009; 88:146–151.

21. Pashley DH, Tay FR, Carvalho RM, Rueggeberg FA, Agee KA, Carrilho M, Donnelly A, García-Godoy F. From dry bonding to water-wet bonding to ethanol-wet bonding. A review of the interactions between dentin matrix and solvated resins using a macromodel of the hybrid layer. Am J Dent. 2007; 20:7–20.

22. Sadek FT, Pashely DH, Nishitani Y, Carrilho MR, Donnelly A, Ferrari M, Tay FR. Application of hydrophobic resin adhesives to acid-etched dentin with alternative wet bonding technique. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2008; 84:19–29.

23. Tay FR, Pashely DH, Kapur RR, Carrilho MR, Hur YB, Garrett LV, Tay KC. Bonding Bis-GMA to dentin-a proof of concept for hydrophobic dentin bonding. J Dent Res. 2007; 86:1034–1039.

24. Yoshida Y, Nagakane K, Fukuda R, Nakayama Y, Okazaki M, Shintani H, Inoue S, Tagawa Y, Suzuki K, De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B. Comparative study on adhesive performance of functional monomers. J Dent Res. 2004; 83:454–458.

25. Yoshida Y, Van Meerbeek B, Nakayama Y, Snauwaert J, Hellemans L, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G, Wakasa K. Evidence of chemical bonding at biomaterial-hard tissue interfaces. J Dent Res. 2000; 79:709–714.

26. Cadenaro M, Breschi L, Rueggeberg FA, Agee K, Di Lenarda R, Carrilho M, Tay FR, Pashely DH. Effect of adhesive hydrophilicity and curing time on the permeability of resins bonded to water vs. ethanol-saturated acid-etched dentin. Dent Mater. 2009; 25:39–47.

27. Shin TP, Yao X, Huenergardt R, Walker MP, Wang Y. Morphological and chemical characterization of bonding hydrophobic adhesive to dentin using ethanol wet bonding technique. Dent Mater. 2009; 25:1050–1057.