Restor Dent Endod.  2014 May;39(2):89-94.

Cytotoxicity and physical properties of tricalcium silicate-based endodontic materials

• Jang YE
• Lee BN
• Koh JT
• Park YJ
• Joo NE
• Chang HS
• Hwang IN
• Oh WM
• Hwang YC

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity, setting time and compressive strength of MTA and two novel tricalcium silicate-based endodontic materials, Bioaggregate (BA) and Biodentine (BD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Cytotoxicity was evaluated by using a 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) assay. Measurements of 9 heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, and zinc) were performed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) of leachates obtained by soaking the materials in distilled water. Setting time and compressive strength tests were performed following ISO requirements.
RESULTS
BA had comparable cell viability to MTA, whereas the cell viability of BD was significantly lower than that of MTA. The ICP-MS analysis revealed that BD released significantly higher amount of 5 heavy metals (arsenic, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) than MTA and BA. The setting time of BD was significantly shorter than that of MTA and BA, and the compressive strength of BA was significantly lower than that of MTA and BD.
CONCLUSIONS
BA and BD were biocompatible, and they did not show any cytotoxic effects on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. BA showed comparable cytotoxicity to MTA but inferior physical properties. BD had somewhat higher cytotoxicity but superior physical properties than MTA.

Keyword

Bioaggregate; Biodentine; Compressive strength; Cytotoxicity; MTA; Setting time

MeSH Terms

Cadmium
Cell Survival
Chromium
Compressive Strength
Copper
Fibroblasts
Humans
Iron
Manganese
Metals, Heavy
Nickel
Periodontal Ligament
Spectrum Analysis
Water
Pemetrexed
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Manganese
Metals, Heavy
Nickel
Water

Figure

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  Figure 1 The cytotoxic effects of test material extracts on hPDL fibroblasts. The percentage of cell viability in the control group (media only group) represented 100%. There was no significantly different compared to the DMEM control. MTA, mineral trioxide aggregate; BA, Bioaggregate; BD, Biodentine.

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