Nutr Res Pract.  2014 Aug;8(4):360-367.

The effect of long-term supplementation with different dietary omega-6/omega-3 ratios on mineral content and ex vivo prostaglandin E2 release in bone of growing rabbits

• Alnouri DM
• El-Din MF
• Al-Khalifa AS

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
The aim of this research was to study the different long term effects of consumption of dietary oil sources with varying omega-6/omega-3 (omega-6/omega-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratios on bone marrow fatty acid level, ex vivo prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release, and mineral content of bone in rabbits.
MATERIALS/METHODS
For this purpose, weaning and female New Zealand white rabbits were purchased and randomly divided into five groups and offered ad libitum diets containing 70 g/kg of added oil for 100 days. The dietary lipid treatments were formulated to provide the following ratios of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids: 8.68 soy bean oil (SBO control), 21.75 sesame oil (SO), 0.39 fish oil (FO), 0.63 algae oil (DHA), and 0.68 algae oils (DHA/ARA). DHA and ARA are two types of marine microalgae of the genus Crypthecodinium cohnii.
RESULTS
The dietary treatments had significant effects on the bone marrow fatty acids of rabbits. Rabbits fed the FO diet, containing the highest omega-3 PUFA concentration, and those fed the SBO diet showed the highest omega-6 PUFA. On the other hand, a positive correlation was observed between Ex vivo PGE2 level and the omega-6/omega-3 dietary ratio. Significant effects of dietary treatment on femur Ca, P, Mg, and Zn contents were observed in both genders.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings of the current study clearly demonstrated that dietary PUFA, particularly omega-6/omega-3 and ARA/EPA ratios are important factors in determining bone marrow fatty acid profile, and this in turn determines the capacity of bone for synthesis of PGE2, thereby reducing bone resorption and improving bone mass during growth.

Keyword

omega-6/omega-3 ratio; bone marrow; prostaglandin E2; minerals; rabbits

MeSH Terms

Bone Marrow
Bone Resorption
Diet
Dietary Fats, Unsaturated
Dinoprostone*
Fatty Acids
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
Female
Femur
Hand
Humans
Microalgae
Minerals
Oils
Rabbits*
Sesame Oil
Soybean Oil
Weaning
Dietary Fats, Unsaturated
Dinoprostone
Fatty Acids
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
Minerals
Oils
Sesame Oil
Soybean Oil

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Correlations between bone marrow ω-6/ω-3 ratio and (A) PGE2 level, (B) Ca, (C) P, (D) Mg, and (E) Zn contents in femur of male and female rabbits fed different dietary oil sources and varying ω-6/ω-3 ratio.

• 

  Fig. 2 Correlations between bone marrow ARA/EPA ratio and (A) PGE2 level, (B) Ca, (C) P, (D) Mg, and (E) Zn contents in femur of male and female rabbits fed different dietary oil sources and varying ω-6/ω-3 ratio.

• 

  Fig. 3 Correlations between PGE2 level and (A) Ca, (B) P, (C) Mg, and (D) Zn contents in femur of male and female rabbits fed different dietary oil sources and varying ω-6/ω-3 ratio.

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