Nutr Res Pract.  2014 Apr;8(2):220-226.

Protective effect of resveratrol on arsenic trioxide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

• Zhang W
• Liu Y
• Ge M
• Jing J
• Chen Y
• Jiang H
• Yu H
• Li N
• Zhang Z

Abstract

BACKGROUD/OBEJECTIVES: Arsenic, which causes human carcinogenicity, is ubiquitous in the environment. This study was designed to evaluate modulation of arsenic induced cancer by resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in vegetal dietary sources that has antioxidant and chemopreventive properties, in arsenic trioxide (As2O3)-induced Male Wistar rats.
MATERIALS/METHODS
Adult rats received 3 mg/kg As2O3 (intravenous injection, iv.) on alternate days for 4 days. Resveratrol (8 mg/kg) was administered (iv.) 1 h before As2O3 treatment. The plasma and homogenization enzymes associated with oxidative stress of rat kidneys were measured, the kidneys were examined histologically and trace element contents were assessed.
RESULTS
Rats treated with As2O3 had significantly higher oxidative stress and kidney arsenic accumulation; however, pretreatment with resveratrol reversed these changes. In addition, prior to treatment with resveratrol resulted in lower blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and insignificant renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis. Furthermore, the presence of resveratrol preserved the selenium content (0.805 +/- 0.059 microg/g) of kidneys in rats treated with As2O3. However, resveratrol had no effect on zinc level in the kidney relative to As2O3-treated groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data show that supplementation with resveratrol alleviated nephrotoxicity by improving antioxidant capacity and arsenic efflux. These findings suggest that resveratrol has the potential to protect against kidney damage in populations exposed to arsenic.

Keyword

Arsenic; resveratrol; trace element; arsenic efflux

MeSH Terms

Adult
Animals
Arsenic*
Blood Urea Nitrogen
Creatinine
Epithelial Cells
Humans
Kidney
Male
Necrosis
Oxidative Stress
Plasma
Rats*
Rats, Wistar
Selenium
Zinc
Arsenic
Creatinine
Selenium
Zinc

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Effect of resveratrol on ROS level and activities of antioxidant enzymes in kidneys of As2O3-treated rats. (A) Level of MDA; (B) ROS Level; (C) SOD activity; (D) GPx activity; (E) T-GSH/GSSG ratio. Each value is expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 8). *P < 0.05 when compared with the control group; #P < 0.05 when compared with the As2O3-treated group. MDA, malondialdehyde; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SOD, superoxide dismutase; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; T-GSH/GSSG, total glutathione to oxidized glutathione ratio.

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  Fig. 2 Functional markers and morphological evaluation of rat kidneys. (A) BUN and CRE content in serum; (B) control rats; (C) As2O3-treated rats; (D) As2O3-treated rats with resveratrol. All values are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 8). *P < 0.05 when compared with the control group; #P < 0.05 when compared with the As2O3-treated group. Original magnification, 10×20

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  Fig. 3 Effect of resveratrol on arsenic induced renal -SH content in rat. All values are expressed as the mean ± SEM. (n = 8). *P < 0.05 when compared with the control group; #P < 0.05 when compared with the As2O3-treated group. -SH, total sulfhydryl.

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  Fig. 4 Effect resveratrol on arsenic, zinc and selenium concentration (µg/g for tissue) in exposed rats. (A) arsenic and zinc concentration in kidney; (B) selenium concentration in kidney. Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM. (n = 8). *P < 0.05 when compared with the control group; #P < 0.05 when compared with the As2O3-treated group.

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