Nutr Res Pract.  2011 Dec;5(6):569-577.

Dietary patterns are associated with physical growth among school girls aged 9-11 years

• Noh HY
• Song YJ
• Lee JE
• Joung H
• Park MK
• Li SJ
• Paik HY

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify dietary patterns among Korean elementary school girls based on the change in body mass index (BMI), body fat, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone mineral content (BMC) during 22 months and to explore the characteristics of dietary patterns identified. Girls aged 9-11 years were recruited and 3-day dietary data were collected four times. Subjects with a diet record of 8 or more days and anthropometric data measured at baseline and 22 months later were included (n = 198). Reduced rank regression was utilized to derive dietary patterns using a change in BMI, body fat, and calcaneus BMD and BMC as response variables. Two dietary patterns were identified: the "Egg and Rice" dietary pattern and "Fruit, Nuts, Milk Beverage, Egg, Grain" (FNMBEG) dietary pattern. Subjects who had high score on the FNMBEG pattern consumed various food groups, including fruits, nuts and seeds, and dairy products, whereas subjects in the "Egg and Rice" dietary pattern group did not. Both dietary patterns showed a positive association with change in BMI and body fat. However, subjects who had a higher score on the "Egg and Rice" dietary pattern had less of a BMC increase, whereas subjects who had a higher score on the FMBEG dietary pattern had more increased BMC over 22 months after adjusting for age, body and bone mass, and Tanner stage at baseline. Our results provide evidence that a well-balanced diet contributes to lean body mass growth among young girls.

Keyword

Adolescent; physical growth; bone mass; dietary pattern; reduced rank regression

MeSH Terms

Adipose Tissue
Adolescent
Aged
Beverages
Body Mass Index
Bone Density
Calcaneus
Dairy Products
Diet
Diet Records
Fruit
Humans
Milk
Nuts
Ovum
Seeds

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Change in bone and body mass across quartiles of dietary patterns over 22 months. BMC, body mineral content; BMD, bone mineral density; FNMBEG dietary pattern, "Fruit, Nut, Milk, Beverage, Egg, Grain" dietary pattern. †All the models were adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, BMC, and BMD at baseline. ‡All the models were adjusted for age, BMI, percent body fat, BMC, BMD, and Tanner stage including the development of breasts and pubic hair stage at baseline (n = 184)

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