Comparison of Stone Metabolic Risk Factors in Recurrent Stone Formers according to Sex and Age

Jun, Il Oh; Moon, Young Tae

Abstract

PURPOSE: In order to compare stone metabolic risk factors in recurrent stone formers, we researched lithogenic factors according to sex and age.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We performed stone metabolic studies on recurrent stone formers (77 men, 33 women) and grouped them according to age; under 40 (n=38), from 40 to 59 (n=56) and over 60 (n=16). We evaluated excretion rate differences of lithogenic and inhibitory constituents such as volume, sodium, uric acid, calcium, oxalate, and citrate from 24-hour urine samples, and calcium, sodium, uric acid, phosphate, potassium, and chloride from serum samples. We analyzed the incidence of stone metabolic risk factors between the age groups and the sexes.
RESULTS
The most common detectable risk factor in all groups of recurrent stone formers was hypocitraturia. This finding was more remarkable in males aged under 60. The incidence of hypocitraturia was higher in males and in the younger group, whereas hypercalciuria was more frequent in the elder group.
CONCLUSIONS
The most important cause of urolithiasis was hypocitraturia in recurrent stone formers, and this was apparent in males aged under 60.