Korean J Physiol Pharmacol.  2013 Aug;17(4):339-345. 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.4.339.

Effect of Lutein on L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats

• Sung JH
• Jo YS
• Kim SJ
• Ryu JS
• Kim MC
• Ko HJ
• Sim SS

• KMID: 2285469
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.4.339

Abstract

We investigated the antihypertensive effect of lutein on NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. Daily oral administration of L-NAME (40 mg/kg)-induced a rapid progressive increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP). L-NAME significantly increased MAP from the first week compared to that in the control and reached 193.3+/-9.6 mmHg at the end of treatment. MAP in the lutein groups was dose-dependently lower than that in the L-NAME group. Similar results were observed for systolic and diastolic blood pressure of L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. The control group showed little change in heart rate for 3 weeks, whereas L-NAME significantly reduced heart rate from 434+/-26 to 376+/-33 beats/min. Lutein (2 mg/kg) significantly prevented the reduced heart rate induced by L-NAME. L-NAME caused hypertrophy of heart and kidney, and increased plasma lipid peroxidation four-fold but significantly reduced plasma nitrite and glutathione concentrations, which were significantly prevented by lutein in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that lutein affords significant antihypertensive and antioxidant effects against L-NAME-induced hypertension in rats.

Keyword

Antioxidant; Hypertension; Lipid peroxidation; L-NAME; Lutein

MeSH Terms

Administration, Oral
Animals
Antioxidants
Arterial Pressure
Blood Pressure
Glutathione
Heart
Heart Rate
Hypertension
Hypertrophy
Kidney
Lipid Peroxidation
Lutein
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
Plasma
Rats
Antioxidants
Glutathione
Lutein
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Effect of lutein on the body weight in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. (A) Weight (%), weight/initial weight. (B) Δ Weight (g), body weight on third week minus body weight on initial week. L-NAME rats fed 40 mg/kg L-NAME. L-NAME+CoQ10 rats fed L-NAME with 10 mg/kg coenzyme Q10. L-NAME+Lutein-0.5 rats fed L-NAME with 0.5 mg/kg lutein. L-NAME+Lutein-2 rats fed L-NAME with 2 mg/kg lutein. Results are expressed as mean±standard deviation of seven animals. *p<0.05 vs. normal control group, #p<0.05 vs. L-NAME control group.

• 

  Fig. 2 Effect of lutein on mean arterial pressure (MAP) in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. (A) Time-course effect of lutein on MAP over 3 weeks. (B) Change in MAP from initial to final week. L-NAME rats fed 40 mg/kg L-NAME. L-NAME+CoQ10 rats fed L-NAME with 10 mg/kg coenzyme Q10. L-NAME+Lutein-0.5 rats fed L-NAME with 0.5 mg/kg lutein. L-NAME+Lutein-2 rats fed L-NAME with 2 mg/kg lutein. Results are expressed as mean±standard deviation of seven animals. *p<0.05 vs. normal control group, #p<0.05 vs. L-NAME control group.

• 

  Fig. 3 Effect of lutein on systolic blood pressure (SBP) in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. (A) Time-course effect of lutein on SBP for 3 weeks. (B) Change in SBP from initial week to final week. L-NAME rats fed 40 mg/kg L-NAME. L-NAME+CoQ10 rats fed L-NAME with 10 mg/kg coenzyme Q10. L-NAME+Lutein-0.5 rats fed L-NAME with 0.5 mg/kg lutein. L-NAME+Lutein-2 rats fed L-NAME with 2 mg/kg lutein. Results are expressed as mean±standard deviation of seven animals. *p<0.05 vs. normal control group, #p<0.05 vs. L-NAME control group.

• 

  Fig. 4 Effect of lutein on diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. (A) Time-course effect of lutein on DBP for 3 weeks. (B) Change in DBP from initial week to final week. L-NAME rats fed 40 mg/kg L-NAME. L-NAME+CoQ10 rats fed L-NAME with 10 mg/kg coenzyme Q10. L-NAME+Lutein-0.5 rats fed L-NAME with 0.5 mg/kg lutein. L-NAME+Lutein-2 rats fed L-NAME with 2 mg/kg lutein. Results are expressed as mean±standard deviation of seven animals. *p<0.05 vs. normal control group, #p<0.05 vs. L-NAME control group.

• 

  Fig. 5 Effect of lutein on heart rate in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. L-NAME rats fed 40 mg/kg L-NAME. L-NAME+CoQ10 rats fed L-NAME with 10 mg/kg coenzyme Q10. L-NAME+Lutein-0.5 rats fed L-NAME with 0.5 mg/kg lutein. L-NAME+Lutein-2 rats fed L-NAME with 2 mg/kg lutein. Results are expressed as mean±standard deviation of seven animals. *p<0.05 vs. 0 week in the same group, #p<0.05 vs. L-NAME group at 3rd week.

• 

  Fig. 6 Effect of lutein on the cardiac (A) and renal (B) hypertrophy in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. L-NAME rats fed 40 mg/kg L-NAME. L-NAME+CoQ10 rats fed L-NAME with 10 mg/kg coenzyme Q10. L-NAME+Lutein-0.5 rats fed L-NAME with 0.5 mg/kg lutein. L-NAME+Lutein-2 rats fed L-NAME with 2 mg/kg lutein. Results are expressed as mean±standard deviation of seven animals. *p<0.05 vs. normal control group, #p<0.05 vs. L-NAME control group.

• 

  Fig. 7 Effects of lutein on plasma nitrite concentration in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. L-NAME rats fed 40 mg/kg L-NAME. L-NAME+CoQ10 rats fed L-NAME with 10 mg/kg coenzyme Q10. L-NAME+Lutein-0.5 rats fed L-NAME with 0.5 mg/kg lutein. L-NAME+Lutein-2 rats fed L-NAME with 2 mg/kg lutein. Results are expressed as mean±standard deviation of seven animals. *p<0.05 vs. normal control group, #p<0.05 vs. L-NAME control group.

• 

  Fig. 8 Effect of lutein on the plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. L-NAME rats fed 40 mg/kg L-NAME. L-NAME+CoQ10 rats fed L-NAME with 10 mg/kg coenzyme Q10. L-NAME+Lutein-0.5 rats fed L-NAME with 0.5 mg/kg lutein. L-NAME+Lutein-2 rats fed L-NAME with 2 mg/kg lutein. Results are expressed as mean±standard deviation of seven animals. *p<0.05 vs. normal control group, #p<0.05 vs. L-NAME control group.

• 

  Fig. 9 Effect of lutein on the plasma glutathione (GSH) concentration in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. L-NAME rats fed 40 mg/kg L-NAME. L-NAME+CoQ10 rats fed L-NAME with 10 mg/kg coenzyme Q10. L-NAME+Lutein-0.5 rats fed L-NAME with 0.5 mg/kg lutein. L-NAME+Lutein-2 rats fed L-NAME with 2 mg/kg lutein. Results are expressed as mean±standard deviation of seven animals. *p<0.05 vs. normal control group, #p<0.05 vs. L-NAME control group.

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