Korean J Pediatr.  2010 Feb;53(2):210-214. 10.3345/kjp.2010.53.2.210.

Ototoxicity in children receiving cisplatin chemotherapy

• Jang HJ
• Cho HR
• Lee JH
• Bae KY
• Seo JJ
• Moon HN
• Im HJ

• KMID: 2281368
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2010.53.2.210

Abstract

PURPOSE
Cisplatin is highly effective for the treatment of solid tumors in children. However, the clinical use of cisplatin is limited by its ototoxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ototoxicity in children treated with cisplatin. Method: We performed a single institution retrospective analysis of pediatric oncology patients who received cisplatin therapy between January 2001 and January 2008. Thirty-seven patients with sufficient medical and audiologic data were included in this study.
RESULTS
The median age at the time of diagnosis was 10.7 (range 3.8-16.7) years. There were 16 males and 21 females. The underlying diseases were osteosarcoma (15 cases), medulloblastoma (14 cases), germ cell tumors (7 cases), and hepatoblastoma (1 case). The median individual dose was 100 mg/m2/cycle (56-200). The median cumulative dose was 480 mg/m2 (200-1,490). Sixteen patients (43%) received cranial radiotherapy. Of the 37 patients, 17 developed hearing loss, leading to an overall incidence of 46%. Logistic regression showed that age at treatment (P=0.04) and cumulative dose of cisplatin (P=0.005) were the significant risk factors in predicting hearing loss in children treated with cisplatin. In all the patients who had hearing loss, there was neither improvement nor aggravation during the follow-up (3-68 months).
CONCLUSION
The cumulative dose of cisplatin (>500 mg/m2) and younger age at treatment (<12 years) were 2 most important risk factors for ototoxicity in patients treated with cisplatin. Serial audiometric evaluations are needed in the patients with risk factors during and after cisplatin treatment.

Keyword

Cisplatin; Adverse effects; Hearing loss; Children; Adolescent

MeSH Terms

Adolescent
Child
Cisplatin
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Hearing Loss
Hepatoblastoma
Humans
Incidence
Logistic Models
Male
Medulloblastoma
Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal
Osteosarcoma
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Cisplatin