Korean J Pediatr.  2008 Sep;51(9):935-943. 10.3345/kjp.2008.51.9.935.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

• Eun SH
• Eun BL

• KMID: 2280187
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2008.51.9.935

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral developmental disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity, as well as forgetfulness, poor impulse control or impulsivity, and distractibility. The recommended evaluation includes documenting the type and severity of ADHD symptoms, verifying the presence of normal vision and hearing, screening for comorbid psychological conditions, reviewing the child's developmental history and school performance, and applying objective measures of cognitive function. Prevailing opinion characterizes ADHD as a disorder of executive function attributable to abnormal dopamine transmission in the frontal lobes and frontostriatal circuitry. A clearly defined etiology remains unknown, but studies suggest a strong genetic link. The aim of treatment is to decrease symptoms, enhance functionality, and improve well-being for the child and his or her close contacts. Stimulants remain the pharmacological agents of first choice for the management of ADHD, and psychosocial, behavioral and educational strategies that enhance specific behaviors may improve educational and social functioning in children with ADHD.

Keyword

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Child; Review

MeSH Terms

Aluminum Hydroxide
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Carbonates
Child
Dopamine
Executive Function
Frontal Lobe
Hearing
Humans
Mass Screening
Vision, Ocular
Aluminum Hydroxide
Carbonates
Dopamine