Clin Nutr Res.  2013 Jan;2(1):42-51. 10.7762/cnr.2013.2.1.42.

A Study of Snack Consumption, Night-Eating Habits, and Nutrient Intake in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

• Park HJ
• Lee J
• Kim JM
• Lee HA
• Kim SH
• Kim Y

• KMID: 2279714
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7762/cnr.2013.2.1.42

Abstract

This study was performed to identify dietary behavior such as snack consumption, night-eating and nutrients intake associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The study was conducted on 219 normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects and 44 GDM subjects by using a questionnaire including dietary behavior, food frequency and 3-day food record. The mean age, OGTT, and delivery weight of GDM subjects were statistically higher than those in NGT. A larger proportion of NGT subjects consumed black coffee (49.8%) while the majority of GDM subjects (61.4%) drank mixed coffee with sugar and cream. Dairy products were the most frequently consumed snack item in NGT subjects (40.7%), while fruits were most frequently consumed food item in GDM subjects (34.4%). Many of NGT subjects (49.8%) answered that they hardly took night-eating snacks whereas most of GDM subjects (61.4%) took night-eating snacks more than once a week. For change of taste preference, the proportion of NGT subjects who showed less preference for salty taste (33.3%) or greasy taste (16.9%) was higher than that of GDM subjects (11.4%). Nutrient intakes of energy, fat, cholesterol, saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), carbohydrate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, and vitamin E in GDM group were significantly higher than those in NGT group. Nutrient densities of SFA and vitamin C in GDM group were higher and nutrient density of calcium was lower than those in NGT group. Taken together, it is recommended to reduce night-eating snack and choose less salty and fatty foods, black-coffee rather than coffee with cream and sugar, and more dairy products to prevent GDM.

Keyword

Snack consumption; Night-eating; Nutrient intake; Gestational diabetes mellitus

MeSH Terms

Ascorbic Acid
Calcium
Cholesterol
Coffee
Dairy Products
Diabetes, Gestational*
Female
Fruit
Glucose
Glucose Tolerance Test
Pregnancy
Riboflavin
Snacks*
Thiamine
Vitamin E
Vitamins
Surveys and Questionnaires
Ascorbic Acid
Calcium
Cholesterol
Coffee
Glucose
Riboflavin
Thiamine
Vitamin E
Vitamins

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