Korean J Health Promot.  2017 Jun;17(2):80-90. 10.15384/kjhp.2017.17.2.80.

Snack Consumption Patterns and Its Nutritional Significance in Korean Elderly Population: from the 2013-2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

• Cho EB
• Park HA
• Kang JH
• Kim K
• Cho YG
• Choi DH

• KMID: 2411433
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2017.17.2.80

Abstract

BACKGROUND
This study aims to evaluate the importance of snacks to a balanced diet by assessing snack consumption patterns and factors associated with eating snacks of Korean elders of 60 years or more.
METHODS
This analysis is based on participants from the 2013-2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Meal or snack consumption was based on a 24 hours recall data, and the adequacy of each nutrient intake was based on the Dietary Reference Intakes by the Korea Nutrition Society. The cutoff for snack consumption valued as meaningful was more than 200 kcal/day of snack energy intake.
RESULTS
Korean male elders of age 60 years or more are consuming 333.6±11.1 kcal of snack and 271.7±7.4 kcal for females. When consumed together with meals, snack consumption increased the adequacy of all nutrients intake, except sodium. Based on energy contribution, male Korean elders are consuming snack food group in order of beverage and alcohols, grains, and fruits, while for females the order was grains, fruits, and dairy. Older age (men and women), joblessness (men), and chronic disease (women) were positively associated with having snack of 200 kcal or more per day, whereas "˜living with a partner (men)', alcohol intake frequency of more than twice per week (men), and "˜doing regular aerobic physical activity (women)' showed negative association.
CONCLUSIONS
Snack consumption of Korean elders contributed to more adequate nutritional status, but improvement of food groups is needed because they were mainly concentrated on grains.

Keyword

Snack eating; Snack; Elders; Nutritional status

MeSH Terms

Aged*
Alcohols
Beverages
Chronic Disease
Diet
Eating
Energy Intake
Female
Fruit
Humans
Korea*
Male
Meals
Motor Activity
Nutrition Surveys*
Nutritional Status
Recommended Dietary Allowances
Snacks*
Sodium
Alcohols
Sodium

Figure

• 

  Figure 1. Adequacy of nutrients intake from snacks and meals of Korean elderly population. (A) Male, (B) female.

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