J Korean Acad Prosthodont.  2009 Oct;47(4):385-393. 10.4047/jkap.2009.47.4.385.

Cervical design effect of dental implant on stress distribution in crestal cortical bone studied by finite element analysis

• Kim KT
• Jo KH
• Lee CH
• Yu W
• Lee KB

• KMID: 2195587
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2009.47.4.385

Abstract

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: High stress concentration on the crestal cortical bone has been regraded as a major etiologic factor jeopardizing long term stability of endosseous implants. PURPOSE: To investigate if the design characteristics of crestal module, i.e. internal type, external type, and submerged type, affect stress distribution on the crestal cortical bone. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cylindrical shaped implant, 4.3 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length, with 3 different crestal modules, i.e. internal type, external type, and submerged type, were analysed. An axisymmetric scheme was used for finite elment formulation. A vertical load of 50 N and an oblique load of 50 N acting at 45degrees with the implant's long axis was applied. The peak crestal bone stress acting at the intersection of implant and crestal bone was compared.
RESULTS
Under vertical load, the crestal bone stress was high in the order of internal, external, and submerged types. Under the oblique loading condition, it was in the order of internal, submerged, and external types. CONCLUSION: Crestal module design was found to affect the level of the crestal bone stresses although the actual amount was not significant.

Keyword

Implant; Crestal module design; Finite element method

MeSH Terms

Axis, Cervical Vertebra
Dental Implants
Finite Element Analysis
Dental Implants

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Design configuration of 3 implants; A: external type, B: internal type, C: submerged type.

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  Fig. 2. Coordinate system and typical axisymmetric finite element model of the implant/bone complex subject to a load of 50 N acting at 45 degree with the implant axis. Soft tissues are not included in the F. E. model.

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  Fig. 3. Stress monitoring points in the bone: two points on the mid plane of cervical cortical plate, nine points in the cancellous bone.

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  Fig. 4. Maximum compressive stresses in the case of external type implant under: A: vertical load of 50 N, B: oblique load of 50 N.

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  Fig. 5. Magnification of the cervical area where the highesr stress concentration is noted: in the cases of A: vertical load, B: oblique load.

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  Fig. 6. Magnification of the cervical of the internal type implant subject to : A: vertical load of 50 N, B: oblique load of 50 N.

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  Fig. 7. Magnification of the cervical of the submerged type implant subject to : A: vertical load of 50 N, B: oblique load of 50 N.

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  Fig. 8. Stresses recorded at the 11 stress monitoring points under vertical load condition (50 N).

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  Fig. 9. Stresses recorded at the 11 stress monitoring points under oblique load condition (50 N).

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