J Dent Rehabil Appl Sci.  2015 Sep;31(3):212-220. 10.14368/jdras.2015.31.3.212.

Antifungal effect of electrolyzed hydrogen water on Candida albicans biofilm

• Pyo KR
• Yoo YS
• Baek DH

• KMID: 2180022
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14368/jdras.2015.31.3.212

Abstract

PURPOSE
Candida albicans can cause mucosal disease in many vulnerable patients. Also they are associated with denture-related stomatitis. Electrolyzed water is generated by electric current passed via water using various metal electrodes and has antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to investigate antifungal activity of electrolyzed water on C. albicans biofilm.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
C. albicans was cultured by sabouraud dextrose broth and F-12 nutrient medium in aerobic and 5% CO2 condition to form blastoconidia (yeast) and hyphae type, respectively. For formation of C. albicans biofilm, C. albicans was cultivated on rough surface 6-well plate by using F-12 nutrient medium in CO2 incubator for 48 hr. After electrolyzing tap water using various metal electrodes, the blastoconidia and hyphal type of C. albicans were treated with electrolyzed water. C. albicans formed blastoconidia and hyphae type when they were cultured by sabouraud dextrose broth and F-12 nutrient medium, respectively.
RESULTS
The electrolyzed water using palladium electrode (EWP) exhibited antifungal effect on blastoconidia of C. albicans. Also, the EWP significantly has antifungal activity against C. albicans biofilm and hyphae. In the electrolyzed water using various metal electrodes, only the EWP have antifungal activity.
CONCLUSION
The EWP may use a gargle solution and a soaking solution for prevention of oral candidiasis and denture-related stomatitis due to antifungal activity. (

Keyword

electrolyzed water; antifungal activity; Candida albicans; Candidal biofilm

MeSH Terms

Biofilms*
Candida albicans*
Candida*
Candidiasis, Oral
Electrodes
Glucose
Humans
Hydrogen*
Hyphae
Incubators
Palladium
Stomatitis
Water*
Glucose
Hydrogen
Palladium
Water

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Blastoconidia and hyphal type of C. albicans. C. albicans was cultivated by sabouraud dextrose broth (A) or F-15 nutrient medium (B) at 37°C in aerobic condition or 5% CO2 conditions, respectively. (A) Blastoconidia form, (B) Hypae form.

• 

  Fig. 2 The antifungal activity of the EWP against blastoconidia type of C. albicans. C. albicans was cultivated by using sabouraud dextrose broth in aerobic condition overnight and then harvested by centrifugation. The pellet of C. albicans was treated with tap water, EWP and listerine in various times. The live C. albicans was counted by colonies after plating on sabouraud dextrose agar. The examinations were performed three times. * Indicates a significant difference compared with control (P < 0.05).

• 

  Fig. 3 The antifungal activity of the EWP against C. albicans biofilm. C. albicans was cultivated by using F-12 media in 5% CO2 condition overnight and then harvested by centrifugation. The pellet of C. albicans was treated with tap water, EWP and listerine in various times. The live C. albicans was counted by colonies after plating on sabouraud dextrose agar. The examinations were performed three times. * Indicates a significant difference compared with control (P < 0.05).

• 

  Fig. 4 The image of antifungal activity against C. albicans biofilm. C. albicans was cultivated using F-12 media in 5% CO2 condition overnight and then harvested by centrifugation. The pellet of C. albicans was treated with tap water, electrolyzed water and listerine in various times and then inoculated on sabouraud dextrose agar. (A) 2 minutes, (B) 4 minutes, (C) 8 minutes, (D) 12 minutes. EWP, electrolyzed water using palladium electrode.

• 

  Fig. 5 The antifungal activity of the electrolyzed water using various electrodes against C. albicans. C. albicans was cultivated by sabouraud dextrose broth in aerobic condition overnight and then harvested by centrifugation. The pellet of C. albicans was treated with tap water and electrolyzed water using various electrodes for 12 minutes. The live C. albicans was counted by colonies after plating on sabouraud dextrose agar. The examinations were performed three times. * Indicates a significant difference compared with control (P < 0.05).

Reference

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