Diabetes Metab J.  2012 Dec;36(6):433-442. 10.4093/dmj.2012.36.6.433.

Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Chinese with Type 2 Diabetes

• Lou QL
• Ouyang XJ
• Gu LB
• Mo YZ
• Ma R
• Nan J
• Kong A
• So WY
• Ko G
• Chan J
• Chow CC
• Bian RW

• KMID: 2174369
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2012.36.6.433

Abstract

BACKGROUND
To determine the frequency of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its associated risk factors in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients, we conducted a cross-sectional study in Nanjing, China, in the period between January 2008 and December 2009.
METHODS
Patients with type 2 diabetes under the care by Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China were invited for assessment. CKD was defined as the presence of albuminuria or estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Albuminuria was defined as urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio > or =30 mg/g.
RESULTS
We recruited 1,521 urban Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age, 63.9+/-12.0 years). The frequency of CKD and albuminuria was 31.0% and 28.9%, respectively. After adjusted by age and sex, hypertension, anemia and duration of diabetes were significantly associated with CKD with odds ratio (95% confidence interval) being 1.93 (1.28 to 2.93), 1.70 (1.09 to 2.64), and 1.03 (1.00 to 1.06), respectively.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, CKD was common in the urban Nanjing Chinese with type 2 diabetes. Strategies to prevent or delay progression of kidney disease in diabetes should be carried out at the early disease course of type 2 diabetes.

Keyword

Albuminuria; Chronic kidney disease; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Risk factors

MeSH Terms

Albuminuria
Anemia
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
China
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Humans
Hypertension
Kidney Diseases
Odds Ratio
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
Risk Factors

Figure

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  Fig. 1 The frequency of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (A) and albuminuria (B) in 1,521 Nanjing Chinese type 2 diabetic patients stratified by age.

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  Fig. 2 Polynominal regression and curve fitting of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) across the grade of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). ACR was stratified into 12 grades: grade 1, <5 mg/g; grade 2, 5 to 9 mg/g; grade 3, 10 to 14 mg/g; grade 4, 15 to 19 mg/g; grade 5, 20 to 24 mg/g; grade 6, 25 to 29 mg/g; grade 7, 30 to 59 mg/g; grade 8, 60 to 89 mg/g; grade 9, 90 to 149 mg/g; grade 10, 150 to 299 mg/g; grade 11, 300 to 499 mg/g; and grade 12, ≥500 mg/g.

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