J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol.  2014 Apr;18(1):7-12.

Cardiovascular Disease in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease

• Cho MH

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been identified as one of the most important factors influencing the long-term prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, in pediatric CKD, the clinical importance of CVD tends to be overlooked due to the lack of typical manifestations of CVD in this population. The literature has identified several traditional risk factors of CVD that originate from CKD, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and obesity, in addition to new and non-traditional risk factors including anemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, oxidative stress and inflammation. In cases of pediatric CKD, cardiovascular disease is usually restricted to subclinical manifestations such as left ventricular hypertrophy, thickening of intimal media on the carotid artery and calcification of the coronary artery. Therefore, risk factors of CVD in pediatric CKD patients should be closely monitored.

Keyword

Cardiovascular disease; Children; Chronic kidney disease

MeSH Terms

Anemia
Cardiovascular Diseases*
Carotid Arteries
Child
Coronary Vessels
Diabetes Mellitus
Dyslipidemias
Humans
Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary
Hypertension
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular
Inflammation
Obesity
Oxidative Stress
Prognosis
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic*
Risk Factors