Biomol Ther.  2016 Mar;24(2):109-114. 10.4062/biomolther.2015.149.

iRhoms; Its Functions and Essential Roles

• Lee MY
• Nam KH
• Choi KC

• KMID: 2170521
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2015.149

Abstract

In Drosophila, rhomboid proteases are active cardinal regulators of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. iRhom1 and iRhom2, which are inactive homologs of rhomboid intramembrane serine proteases, are lacking essential catalytic residues. These are necessary for maturation and trafficking of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) converting enzyme (TACE) from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to plasma membrane through Golgi, and associated with the fates of various ligands for EGFR. Recent studies have clarified that the activation or downregulation of EGFR signaling pathways by alteration of iRhoms are connected to several human diseases including tylosis with esophageal cancer (TOC) which is the autosomal dominant syndrom, breast cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. Thus, this review focuses on our understanding of iRhoms and the involved mechanisms in the cellular processes.

Keyword

iRhom1; iRhom2; TNF-α; TACE; EGFR

MeSH Terms

Alzheimer Disease
Breast Neoplasms
Cell Membrane
Down-Regulation
Drosophila
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Esophageal Neoplasms
Humans
Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Diffuse
Ligands
Peptide Hydrolases
Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor
Serine Proteases
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Ligands
Peptide Hydrolases
Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor
Serine Proteases
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha