J Bone Metab.  2015 Nov;22(4):143-149. 10.11005/jbm.2015.22.4.143.

Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementations: 2015 Position Statement of the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research

• Kim KM
• Choi HS
• Choi MJ
• Chung HY

• KMID: 2170122
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2015.22.4.143

Abstract

Calcium and vitamin D are essential components for bone health, thus calcium and vitamin D supplementation is an important strategy in the management of osteoporosis. However, the benefit of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone health is still controversial. Moreover, potentially harmful effects of excessive calcium supplementation on cardiovascular health are recently suggested. Too high a level of vitamin D has been also reported to have several, possibly related, harmful events. Korea is well known for low dietary calcium intake and vitamin D deficiency in its population. This position statement developed the following recommendation for adequate levels of calcium and vitamin D intake in Korean, postmenopausal women and men older than 50 years: Adequate calcium intake and optimal vitamin D level are essential for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men older than 50 years. We recommend a daily calcium intake of 800 to 1,000 mg/day. Food remains the best source of calcium; however calcium supplements should be considered when dietary intake of calcium is inadequate. We recommend dietary vitamin D intake of more than 800 IU per day, a level which appears to reduce the risk of fractures. When vitamin D deficiency is suspected, serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-[OH]D) level should be tested. We suggest that a serum 25-(OH)D level greater than 20 ng/mL is generally appropriate for prevention of osteoporosis. However, a serum 25-(OH)D level greater than 30 ng/mL is probably helpful for management of osteoporosis and prevention of fractures.

Keyword

Bone; Calcium; Cardiovascular diseases; Fractures; Osteoporosis; Vitamin D

MeSH Terms

Calcium*
Calcium, Dietary
Cardiovascular Diseases
Female
Humans
Korea
Male
Osteoporosis
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D*
Vitamins*
Calcium
Calcium, Dietary
Vitamin D
Vitamins

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