J Bacteriol Virol.  2011 Dec;41(4):245-254. 10.4167/jbv.2011.41.4.245.

Escherichia coli pap Genes as well as Adenovirus Type 11 and Type 21, and BK Virus were Involved with Severe Urinary Tract Infection in Infants

• Park HK
• Woo SY
• Lee EO
• Cha JE
• Lee KE
• Park H
• Lee SJ

• KMID: 2168652
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4167/jbv.2011.41.4.245

Abstract

In infants, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are quite common and primarily caused by bacterial pathogens. However, little research has been conducted regarding the relationship between uropathogenic bacteria, virulent genes, and uropathogenic viruses that might induce UTIs in infants. In this study, we evaluated infants with UTIs to determine the influence of bacterial virulent genes and type of viral infections on clinical aspects. First, we detected 44 cases of bacterial UTI from 600 suspected cases in infants and children. We detected E. coli urovirulence genes (kps, usp, pap, ireA, and cnf), two enteropathogenic E. coli genes (bfpA, and eae) and four S. aureus and S. epidermidis genes (mecA, pvl, bbp, and icaA) in urine samples from infant UTI cases. We also simultaneously detected hematuria-related adenovirus type 11, 21, and BK virus (BKV) in urine samples by PCR. As a result, E. coli was the most prevalent bacteria and in Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA)-positive UTI cases, the uropathogenic E. coli virulence factor pap was significantly high. We found that BKV detection was significantly higher in DMSA-positive UTI infants (89%) compared with 50% of non-UTI (no bacteria detected) cases. These results are indicative of combined multiple bacterial and viral infections and show severe infant pyelonephritis.

Keyword

Uropathogenic E. coli; Adenovirus; BK virus; Infants; urinary tract infection

MeSH Terms

Adenoviridae
Bacteria
Benzophenones
BK Virus
Boronic Acids
Child
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
Escherichia
Escherichia coli
Humans
Infant
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Pyelonephritis
Succimer
Urinary Tract
Urinary Tract Infections
Benzophenones
Boronic Acids
Succimer

Figure

• 

  Figure 1. NuSieve agar gel showing detection of five urovirulent genes (kps, usp, pap, cnf, and ireA) and enteropathogenic genes of E. coli (eae and bfpA) in infant urine by multiplex PCR. Lane 1, DNA marker (50-bp ladder); Lane 2, kps (400 bp) and pap (328 bp) both positive; Lane 3, cnf (498 bp) and pap (328 bp) both positive; Lane 4, usp (440 bp) and pap (328 bp) both positive; Lane 5, usp (440 bp) and kps (400 bp) both positive; Lane 6, DNA marker (50-bp ladder); Lane 7, pap (328 bp) positive; Lane 8, usp (440 bp) and kps (400 bp) both positive; Lane 9, usp (440 bp) positive; Lane 10, kps (400 bp) positive; Lane 11, eae (377 bp) and bfpA (326 bp) both positive; Lane 12, DNA marker (50-bp ladder).

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  Figure 2. NuSieve agar gel showing results of S. aureus and S. epidermidis virulence genes (mecA, pvl, bbp, and icaA) detected in infant urine by multiplex PCR. Lane 1, DNA marker (100-bp ladder); Lane 2, mecA (310 bp) positive; Lane 4, pvl (433 bp) positive; Lane 6, mecA (310 bp) positive; Lane 7, DNA marker (100-bp ladder); Lane 8, bbp (575 bp) and icaA (103 bp) both positive; Lane 12, DNA marker (100-bp ladder).

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  Figure 3. NuSieve agar gel showing results of adenovirus type 11 (139 bp) detected in infant urine by monoplex PCR. Lane 1, DNA marker (123-bp ladder); Lane 4, AD11 positive; Lane 6, DNA marker (100-bp ladder); Lane 8, AD11 positive; Lane 11, AD11; Lane 12, DNA marker (100-bp ladder).

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  Figure 4. NuSieve agar gel showing results of adenovirus type 21 (237 bp) detected in infant urine by monoplex PCR. Lane 1, DNA marker (100-bp ladder); Lane 3, AD21 positive; Lane 7, DNA marker (100-bp ladder); Lane 8, DNA marker (123-bp ladder); Lane 10, AD21 positive; Lane 11, AD21 positive; Lane 14, DNA marker (100-bp ladder).

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  Figure 5. NuSieve agar gel showing results of BKV (179 bp) detected in infant urine by monoplex PCR. Lane 1, DNA marker (100-bp ladder); Lane 2, BKV positive; Lane 3, BKV positive; Lane 4, BKV positive; Lane 5, BKV positive; Lane 6, DNA marker (100-bp ladder); Lane 7, BKV positive; Lane 8, BKV positive; Lane 9, BKV positive; Lane 11, BKV positive; Lane 12, DNA marker (100-bp ladder).

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