J Korean Med Sci.  2015 Jun;30(6):816-822. 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.6.816.

Size Control of 99mTc-tin Colloid Using PVP and Buffer Solution for Sentinel Lymph Node Detection

• Kim EM
• Lim ST
• Sohn MH
• Jeong HJ

• KMID: 2160613
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2015.30.6.816

Abstract

Colloidal particle size is an important characteristic that allows mapping sentinel nodes in lymphoscintigraphy. This investigation aimed to introduce different ways of making a 99mTc-tin colloid with a size of tens of nanometers. All agents, tin fluoride, sodium fluoride, poloxamer-188, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), were mixed and labeled with 99mTc. Either phosphate or sodium bicarbonate buffers were used to adjust the pH levels. When the buffers were added, the size of the colloids increased. However, as the PVP continued to increase, the size of the colloids was controlled to within tens of nanometers. In all samples, phosphate buffer added PVP (30 mg) stabilized tin colloid (99mTc-PPTC-30) and sodium bicarbonate solution added PVP (50 mg) stabilized tin colloid (99mTc-BPTC-50) were chosen for in vitro and in vivo studies. 99mTc-BPTC-50 (<20 nm) was primarily located in bone marrow and was then secreted through the kidneys, and 99mTc-PPTC-30 (>100 nm) mainly accumulated in the liver. When a rabbit was given a toe injection, the node uptake of 99mTc-PPTC-30 decreased over time, while 99mTc-BPTC-50 increased. Therefore, 99mTc-BPTC-50 could be a good candidate radiopharmaceutical for sentinel node detection. The significance of this study is that nano-sized tin colloid can be made very easily and quickly by PVP.

Keyword

Sentinel Lymph Node; Lymphoscintigraphy; 99mTc-tin Colloid; Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)

MeSH Terms

Animals
Buffers
Cell Line, Tumor
Humans
Lymph Nodes/*radionuclide imaging
Lymphatic Metastasis
Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry/ultrastructure
Mice
Neoplasms, Experimental/*radionuclide imaging
Particle Size
Povidone/*chemistry
Rabbits
Radiopharmaceuticals/*chemical synthesis
Reproducibility of Results
Sensitivity and Specificity
Technetium Compounds/*chemistry
Tin/*chemistry
Tin Compounds/*chemistry
Buffers
Radiopharmaceuticals
Povidone
Technetium Compounds
Tin
Tin Compounds

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 FE-SEM micrographs of 99mTc-BPTC-50 (A) and 99mTc-PPTC-30 (B). The gray arrows indicate the colloids.

• 

  Fig. 2 Cellular uptakes of 99mTc-BPTC-50 (A) and 99mTc-PPTC-30 (B) in RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cell line and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. *,†, ‡, §P < 0.05.

• 

  Fig. 3 Representative static planar images of rats administered with 7.4 MBq of 99mTc-PPTC-30 (A), and 99mTc-BPTC-50 (B) at 1 hr after i.v. injection. 99mTc-BPTC-50 was preliminary positioned in the bone marrow and kidneys, whereas 99mTc-PPTC-30 mainly accumulated in the liver.

• 

  Fig. 4 Representative static planar images of rabbit administered with 7.4 MBq of 99mTc-BPTC-50 and 99mTc-PPTC-30 at 40, 160, 190, and 220 min. Two 99mTc-PTCs were injected subcutaneously on the dorsum of each hind foot. 99mTc-PPTC-30 was injected in the right foot and 9mTc-BPTC-50 was injected in the left foot.

• 

  Fig. 5 The preparation process of PVP stabilized 99mTc-tin colloid. This process is not a sequential, it is almost co-occurrence.

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