Immune Netw.  2015 Feb;15(1):27-36. 10.4110/in.2015.15.1.27.

Protection Against Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Gallinarum, and Salmonella Enteritidis Infection in Layer Chickens Conferred by a Live Attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium Strain

• Lee JH

• KMID: 2150827
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4110/in.2015.15.1.27

Abstract

In the present study, we investigated the protection conferred by a live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) strain against Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Gallinarum (SG), and Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) infection in layer chickens. Birds were orally primed with the attenuated ST strain at 7 days of age and then boosted at 4 weeks post prime immunization (PPI). Sequential monitoring of plasma IgG and mucosal secretory IgA (sIgA) levels revealed that inoculation with ST induced a significant antibody response to antigens against ST, SE, and SG. Moreover, significant lymphoproliferative responses to the 3 Salmonella serovars were observed in the immunized group. We also investigated protection against virulent ST, SE, and SG strain challenge. Upon virulent SG challenge, the immunized group showed significantly reduced mortality compared to the non-immunized group. The reduced persistence of the virulent ST and SE challenge strains in the liver, spleen, and cecal tissues of the immunized group suggests that immunization with the attenuated ST strain may not only protect against ST infection but can also confer cross protection against SE and SG infection.

Keyword

Salmonella; Vaccine; Cross immunity; Protection; Chickens

MeSH Terms

Antibody Formation
Birds
Chickens*
Cross Protection
Immunization
Immunoglobulin A, Secretory
Immunoglobulin G
Liver
Mortality
Plasma
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enteritidis*
Salmonella typhimurium*
Salmonella*
Spleen
Immunoglobulin A, Secretory
Immunoglobulin G

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Antigen-specific IgG plasma levels detected by indirect ELISA. Plasma IgG levels (ng/ml) against the OMP antigens of (A) Salmonella Typhimurium (ST), (B) Salmonella Enteritidis (SE), and (C) Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) were monitored for 7 weeks post-prime immunization (PPI) with a live attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) strain. The values are expressed as mean±SEM. Antibody levels were considered significant if the p-value was less than 0.05. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 The arrow (↑) indicates the time point at which the booster was administered (4 weeks PPI). (♦) group A, the non-immunized control group and (■) group B, the ST-immunized group.

• 

  Figure 2 Intestinal IgA response to ST-, SE-, and SG-specific antigens. The intestinal levels of IgA against the OMP antigens of ST (A), SE (B), and SG (C) were measured in intestinal washings for 7 weeks PPI. The IgA antibody levels are expressed as mean±SEM. Differences in the antibody levels were considered significant if p the value was less than 0.05. *p<0.05, **p<0.01. The arrow (↑) indicates the time point at which the booster was administered (at 4 weeks PPI). (♦) group A, the non-immunized control group and (■) group B, the ST-immunized group.

• 

  Figure 3 Antigen-specific lymphocyte stimulation responses were measured in ST-immunized and non-immunized chickens. Lymphocyte stimulation responses against ST, SE, and SG antigens were analyzed at 3 weeks ppi (A) and 3 weeks post booster immunization (B). The stimulation index of the lymphocyte sample from the chickens is shown. *p<0.05, **p<0.01. Group A, the non-immunized control group; group B, the ST-immunized group.

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