Immune Netw.  2010 Apr;10(2):64-74. 10.4110/in.2010.10.2.64.

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Orally Administration to Mice Were Tansferred to Offspring during Gestation and Lactation with Disruptions on the Immune System

• Hong SK
• Sohn KH
• Kim IY
• Lee JK
• Ju JH
• Kim JH
• Lim CH
• Han BS
• Jung HC
• Lee JY
• Park KL

• KMID: 2150661
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4110/in.2010.10.2.64

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The present study was undertaken to examine the immunological effects of pentabrominated diphenyl ether (penta-BDE) and decabrominated diphenyl ether (deca-BDE) on the immune system of the dams and the developmental immune system of the offsprings.
METHODS
In this study, mated female C57BL/6J mice were orally administered penta-BDE, deca-BDE or corn oil for 5 weeks, from gestational day 6 to lactational day 21.
RESULTS
The body weight of PND21 exposed to penta-BDE was significantly decreased relative to control mice, but that of post-natal day 63 (PND63) were recovered. Orally dosed dams with penta-BDE had significantly smaller absolute and relative spleen masses than control mice. Absolute and relative spleen and thymus masses of PND21 exposed to penta-BDE were significantly decreased over control. The exposure of dams and PND21 with penta-BDE reduced the number of splenocytes and thymocytes. As results of hematologic analysis, percentage WBC and percentage neutrophils increased in dams with deca-BDE. Splenic T cell proliferation in dams and PND21 exposed to penta-BDE was increased, and there were no significant difference in splenic B cell proliferation in all treatment groups. As results of flow cytometric analysis of splenocyte, percentage total T cell, Th cell and Tc cell in PND21 exposed to penta-BDE was slightly increased, and percentage macrophage in dams and PND21 exposed to deca-BDE was decreased. The ELISA results of antibody production show no significant difference in all treatment groups relative to controls.
CONCLUSION
These results imply that PBDEs given to the dam were transferred to the offspring during gestation and lactation, and PBDEs transferred from the dam affect immune system of offspring.

Keyword

Penta-BDE; Deca-BDE; Developing immune system

MeSH Terms

Animals
Antibody Formation
Biphenyl Compounds
Body Weight
Cell Proliferation
Corn Oil
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Ether, Ethyl
Female
Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
Humans
Immune System
Lactation
Macrophages
Mice
Neutrophils
Phenyl Ethers
Pregnancy
Spleen
Thymocytes
Thymus Gland
Biphenyl Compounds
Corn Oil
Ether, Ethyl
Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
Phenyl Ethers

Figure

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  Figure 1 A general structure of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs). (A) penta-BDE, (B) deca-BDE.

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  Figure 2 Body weight changes in dams.

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  Figure 3 Body weight changes in F1.

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  Figure 4 Effects of penta-BDE on splenic T cell proliferation responses. (A) Dam, (B) PND21, (C) PND63.

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  Figure 5 Effects of deca-BDE on splenic T cell proliferation responses. (A) Dam, (B) PND21, (C) PND63.

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  Figure 6 Effects of penta-BDE on splenic B cell proliferation responses. (A) Dam, (B) PND21, (C) PND63.

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  Figure 7 Effects of deca-BDE on splenic B cell proliferation responses. (A) Dam, (B) PND21, (C) PND63.

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  Figure 8 Effects on penta-BDE or deca-BDE on relative distribution of total T cell in spleen. (A) Dam, (B) PND21.

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  Figure 9 Effects on penta-BDE or deca-BDE on relative distribution of helper T cell subsets in spleen. (A) Dam, (B) PND21.

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  Figure 10 Effects on penta-BDE or deca-BDE on relative distribution of cytotoxic T cell subsets in spleen. (A) Dam, (B) PND21.

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  Figure 11 Effects on penta-BDE or deca-BDE on relative distribution of B cell in spleen. (A) Dam, (B) PND21.

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  Figure 12 Effects on penta-BDE or deca-BDE on relative distribution of macrophage in spleen. (A) Dam, (B) PND21.

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  Figure 13 The change of serum IgG1 level in mice exposed to penta-BDE or deca-BDE. (A) Dam, (B) PND21.

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  Figure 14 The change of serum IgM level in mice exposed to penta-BDE or deca-BDE. (A) Dam, (B) PND21.

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