J Clin Pathol Qual Control.
1999 Jun;21(1):201-208.
p53 Protein Expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
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BACKGROUND: The p53 is a tumor suppressor gene which is related to the regulation of cell proliferation and cell death. Although there have been many reports about p53 gene alteration in acute myeloid Ieukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), the detection rates are not consistent. We looked for the rate of intranuclear p53 protein expression in AML and MDS and investigated the association of p53 with response to chemotherapy.
METHODS
Forty-four cases of AML and 4 cases of MDS were included. The p53 protein expression was studied using paraffin embedded bone marrow biopsy and immunohistochemical staining with anti-human p53 primary antibody.
RESULTS
The immunohistochemistry showed positive reaction in 13 out of 44 AML cases (29.5%). According to FAB classification, AML-M1 showed the most frequent p53 expression (54.5%), and in AML-M5, only one M5a case revealed positive result. In 4 cases of MDS, only one RAEB-t case was positive, thus it was thought that p53 mutation could be more frequent in less maturated AML and MDS phenotype, and p53 gene alteration in MDS could be acquired with progression to higher grade. Four out of 7 atypical AML cases (57.1%) revealed positive reaction for p53 protein, and moreover strong positive reaction more than 50% was observed in 2 of 4 p53 positive atypical AML cases, while in only one of 9 according to FAB classification, suggesting more frequent and abundant p53 protein accumulation in atypical AML than in AML according to FAB classification. There was no significant difference in the rate of achieving complete remission 4 weeks after induction chemotherapy between p53 positive and negative group (66.7%, 65.5%, respectively, P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
p53 gene mutation could be more frequent in morphologically less maturated AML and MDS phenotype and p53 could be a marker for acquiring more malignant clone in MDS patients.
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