Renal Injury by Albumin Infusion in Puromycin Aminonucleoside Induced Nephrotic: Range Proteinuric Rats

Sung, Sun Hee; Lee, Seung Joo

Abstract

PURPOSE: To examine the renal injury by albumin infusion, which has been widely used to correct severe nephrotic edema, in puromycin aminonucleoside(PAN) induced nephrotic-range proteinuric rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 experimental groups, control group(PAN only, n=20), low-dose albumin group (PAN+25% albumin 1g/kg, n=20) and high-dose albumin group(PAN+25% albumin 4g/kg, n=20). PAN was peritoneally injected on day #1 and #7 to all experimental rats and 25% albumin was peritoneally injected from day #3 for three weeks. Twenty-four hour urine protein, serum creatinine and serum albumin were measured weekly. Histopathologic and ultrastructural examination using transmission EM, and immunohistochemical stainings of CD68, pan T, and L26 were done at 3 and 8 week.
RESULTS
Twenty-four hour urine proteins at 2 and 3 weeks were significantly increased in high- dose albumin group compared to control and low- dose albumin group. Serum creatinine at 3 week in high-dose albumin group was 0.9+/-0.54mg/dL which was significantly higher than 0.6+/-0.31mg/dL of control group and 0.6+/-0.43mg/dL of low-dose albumin group. Serum creatinine at 8 week in high-dose albumin group was 1.2+/-0.85mg/dL which was significantly higher than 0.6+/-0.24mg/dL of control group and 0.6+/-0.21mg/dL of low-dose albumin group. Serum albumin was not different among groups. Percent(%) glomerular sclerosis at 8 week in high-dose albumin group was 9.4+/-5.8% which was significantly higher than 3.5+/-1.7% of control group. Interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration was increased according to albumin dose and most of them was CD68(+) macrophages. Vacuolar degeneration of podocytes, accumulation of protein reabsorption droplets in the cytoplasm of podocytes and proximal tubule and lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of proximal tubules were increasd according to albumin dose.
CONCLUSION
Albumin infusion in PAN induced proteinuric rats load accelerate the decline in renal function by progressive glomerular and tubulo-interstitial injury. Albumin infusion in clinical nephrotic edema shoud be used very carefully.