J Korean Assoc Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg.  1999 May;21(2):139-148.

The immunohistochemical study on the expression of p53 protein and cyclin D1 in oral squamous cell carcinomas

• Kim JY
• Kim KW
• Lee JH
• Kim CJ

Abstract

Oral cancer is a common neoplasm in humans and etiologic mechanism is not well known, so treatment and evaluation of oral cancer is difficult problem. Traditional TNM classification between prognosis of tumors and classification of histopathologic differentiation has problem like lack of objectivity through operators. In molecular biology, cancer is developed by alteration of activation of oncogene and/or inactivation of tumor suppressor gene. The p53 gene, one of the tumor suppresor genes, is believed to play an important role through mutation and overexpression in the progression of human cancers. The p53 mutation is most frequent genetic disorder in humans. The Cyclin D1 has tumor suppresion activity by regulation of cell cycle. The Cyclin D1 regulate activity of Rb tumor suppresor gene by stimulation of CDK4. The purpose of this study was to observe the expression of p53 protein and Cyclin D1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma, and to get expectation of the malignancy and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Using the 15 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and the microscopic H&E and immunohistochemical stain. We devided it into 3 groups according to the stain extent, clinical stage and histologic differentiation. The results were as follows: 1. In the features of immunohistochemical stain of 15 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, positive reaction of p53 was identified in 8 cases(53.3%) and positive reaction of cyclin D1 was identified in 3 cases(20%). Both positive reaction of p53 protein and Cyclin D1 was show in only one case. 2. 8 of p53 positive cases were linked in 87.5% of the end stage tumor, 62.5% of neck node involvement, 87.5% of poorly and moderately histopathplogic differentiation. 3. All 3 of Cyclin D1 positive cases were linked in the end stage tumor, neck node involvement, poorly and moderately histopathologic differentiation. From above results, expression of p53 protein was identified in 53.3% of 15 cases and these results meen oral squamous cell carcinoma was drived by mutation of p53 protein. Especially, highly positive reaction of p53 protein and Cyclin D1 was identified in cases that involvement of neck lymph node and the end stage tumors and it meens that the evaluation of p53 protein and Cyclin D1 was usuful for evaluation of malignant tumor as specific tumor marker.

MeSH Terms

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell*
Cell Cycle
Classification
Cyclin D1*
Cyclins*
Genes, p53
Genes, Tumor Suppressor
Humans
Lymph Nodes
Molecular Biology
Mouth Neoplasms
Neck
Oncogenes
Prognosis
Cyclin D1
Cyclins