Yonsei Med J.  2010 Nov;51(6):797-807. 10.3349/ymj.2010.51.6.797.

Mast Cells in Allergic Asthma and Beyond

• Reuter S
• Stassen M
• Taube C

• KMID: 1779624
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2010.51.6.797

Abstract

Mast cells have been regarded for a long time as effector cells in IgE mediated type I reactions and in host defence against parasites. However, they are resident in all environmental exposed tissues and express a wide variety of receptors, suggesting that these cells can also function as sentinels in innate immune responses. Indeed, studies have demonstrated an important role of mast cells during the induction of life-saving antibacterial responses. Furthermore, recent findings have shown that mast cells promote and modulate the development of adaptive immune responses, making them an important hinge of innate and acquired immunity. In addition, mast cells and several mast cell-produced mediators have been shown to be important during the development of allergic airway diseases. In the present review, we will summarize findings on the role of mast cells during the development of adaptive immune responses and highlight their function, especially during the development of allergic asthma.

Keyword

Asthma; mast cells; mediators; allergy

MeSH Terms

Animals
Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology
Asthma/*immunology/metabolism
Cytokines/metabolism
Histamine/metabolism
Humans
Hypersensitivity/*immunology/metabolism
Immune System
Immunoglobulin E/immunology
Leukotrienes/metabolism
Mast Cells/*cytology
Mice
Models, Biological
Prostaglandins/metabolism
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Role of mast cells during sensitization to an aeroallergen and during challenge with allergen. Inhalation of an aeroallergen in combination with exposure to an alternative/IgE-independent mast cell-activating stimulus leads to the migration of local dendritic cells to the regional lymph nodes and there to an induction of a Th2 response. In addition, allergen exposure results in allergen IgE-dependent mast cell activation and leads to an increased chemotaxis of inflammatory cells as well as local T cell activation. TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoitein; PGD2, prostaglandin D2; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

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