Res Vestib Sci.  2014 Dec;13(4):96-101.

Comparison of Audiovestibular Dysfunction in Patients of Acute Unilateral Peripheral Vestibulopathy with and without Vascular Risk Factors

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea. xorudoc@schmc.ac.kr

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Etiology of acute unilateral peripheral vestibulopathy (AUPV) includes virus, ischemia, and autoimmune. As anatomical distribution is similar between vasculature and innervation, AUPV with vascular risk factors could be ischemic origin. We investigated the pattern of audiovestibular dysfunction to explore the influence of risk factors on AUPV.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We collected records of 162 AUPV patients from 2011 to 2013 who were admitted within 7 days from vertigo onset and diagnosed as AUPV by caloric test and neuro-otologic examination. Vascular risk factors are stroke history, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index >25, age >60, and vertebrobasilar stenosis. Bedside examination includes spontaneous nystagmus grade, head impulse test, head shaking test. Results of rotatory chair test (n=125), caloric test (n=162), cervical (n=33) and ocular (n=23) vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP), subjective visual vertical (SVV) (n=91), and pure tone audiometry (PTA) (n=62) are collected.
RESULTS
Abnormalities of PTA are found more in patients with vascular risk factor than without any risk factor. Specifically, hypertension (p=0.008) and old age (p=0.025) are associated with PTA abnormality (p=0.006). Tilt angle of vertical is larger in risk factor group (p=0.019). The number of vascular risk factor correlates with abnormalities of PTA (p=0.025) and tilt angle of SVV. Results of bedside examination, rotatory chair test, caloric test, cervical and ocular VEMP are not associated with vascular risk factors.
CONCLUSION
AUPV patients with vascular risk factors have more extensive involvement of audiovestibular function. Ischemic etiology may contribute to pathogenesis of extensive AUPV.

Keyword

Vestibular neuronitis; Vestibulocochlear nerve diseases; Vertigo; Ischemia

MeSH Terms

Audiometry
Body Mass Index
Caloric Tests
Constriction, Pathologic
Head
Head Impulse Test
Humans
Hypertension
Ischemia
Risk Factors*
Stroke
Vertigo
Vestibular Neuronitis
Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases
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