Korean J Pediatr Infect Dis.  2012 Aug;19(2):61-70.

2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Infections in the Pediatric Cancer Patients and Comparative Analysis with Seasonal Influenza

• Choi SH
• Yoo KH
• Ahn K
• Sung KW
• Koo HH
• Kim YJ

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study was performed to compare the clinical characteristics of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) [A(H1N1) pdm09] and seasonal influenza A infection in the pediatric cancer patients.
METHODS
A retrospective review was performed in the pediatric cancer patients who had confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 infection at Samsung Medical Center from August 2009 to February 2010. For the comparison, the medical records of pediatric cancer patients with seasonal influenza A from January 2000 to May 2009 were reviewed retrospectively.
RESULTS
Eighty-two A(H1N1)pdm09 infections were confirmed in the pediatric cancer patients. Ten patients (12.2%) developed complicated clinical course by lower respiratory infections or extrapulmonary infections; 4 pneumonia, 1 bronchitis, 1 pericarditis with pneumonia, 1 encephalitis with pneumonia, 2 meningitis and 1 pericarditis. Three patients received mechanical ventilator and ICU care. Three pediatric cancer patients (3.7%) died. The risk factors related to complicated A(H1N1)pdm09 infections were date of infection (44-45th week 2009) and nosocomial infection. When comparing with previous seasonal influenza A infections, more prompt and aggressive antiviral therapy was given in A(H1N1)pdm09 infections.
CONCLUSION
The A(H1N1)pdm09 infections caused a various clinical manifestations including fatal cases in pediatric cancer patient during pandemic season. There was no significant difference in clinical course between influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and seasonal influenza A infections except the antiviral treatment strategy.

Keyword

2009 pandemic Influenza A(H1N1); A(H1N1)pdm09; Seasonal influenza; Child; Cancer

MeSH Terms

Bronchitis
Child
Cross Infection
Encephalitis
Humans
Influenza, Human
Medical Records
Meningitis
Pandemics
Pericarditis
Pneumonia
Respiratory Tract Infections
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Seasons
Ventilators, Mechanical

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Weekly occurrence of A(H1N1)pdm09 infections in pediatric cancer patients. Most A(H1N1)pdm09 infections developed in 43-46th week 2009.

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