Exp Mol Med.
2006 Dec;38(6):718-726.
Discovery of a small-molecule inhibitor for kidney ADP-ribosyl cyclase: Implication for intracellular calcium signal mediated by cyclic ADP-ribose
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-182, Korea. uhkim@chonbuk.ac.kr (UHK); kwonhj@yonsei.ac.kr (HJK)
- 2The Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Chonbuk National University Medical School ,Jeonju 561-182, Korea
- 3Chemical Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
Abstract
- ADP-ribosyl cyclase (ADPR-cyclase) produces a Ca2+-mobilizing second messenger, cyclic ADP- ribose (cADPR), from beta-NAD+. A prototype of mammalian ADPR-cyclases is a lymphocyte antigen CD38. Accumulating evidence indicates that ADPR-cyclases other than CD38 are expressed in various cells and organs. In this study, we discovered a small molecule inhibitor of kidney ADPR-cyclase. This compound inhibited kidney ADPR-cyclase activity but not CD38, spleen, heart or brain ADPR-cyclase activity in vitro. Characterization of the compound in a cell-based system revealed that an extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR)- mediated cADPR production and a later long-lasting increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in mouse mesangial cells were inhibited by the pre-treatment with this compound. In contrast, the compound did not block CD3/TCR-induced cADPR production and the increase of [Ca2+]i in Jurkat T cells, which express CD38 exclusively. The long-lasting Ca2+ signal generated by both receptors was inhibited by pre-treatment with an antagonistic cADPR derivative, 8-Br-cADPR, indicating that the Ca2+ signal is mediated by the ADPR-cyclse metabolite, cADPR. Moreover, among structurally similar compounds tested, the compound inhibited most potently the cADPR production and Ca2+ signal induced by CaSR. These findings provide evidence for existence of a distinct ADPR-cyclase in the kidney and basis for the development of tissue specific inhibitors.
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