Yonsei Med J.  2010 Sep;51(5):768-774. 10.3349/ymj.2010.51.5.768.

Molecular Characteristics of Extended Spectrum beta-Lactamases in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and the Prevalence of qnr in Extended Spectrum beta-Lactamase Isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Korea

• Kim MH
• Lee HJ
• Park KS
• Suh JT

• KMID: 1071431
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2010.51.5.768

Abstract

PURPOSE
Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are cephalosporinases that confer resistance to a wide variety of oxyimino cephalosporins and create serious therapeutic problems. In addition, the quinolone resistance qnr genes are becoming increasingly prevalent in clinical isolates, some of which also produce ESBL. This study was designed to evaluate the occurrence and genotypic distribution of ESBL producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) as well as the prevalence and distribution of qnr genes in ESBL-producing isolates in a tertiary care hospital in Korea.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We tested a total of 111 ESBL-producing isolates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae, which were collected at Kyung Hee Medical Center from November 2006 to June 2008. ESBL production was determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) ESBL confirmatory test. The cefotaxime and ceftazidime resistance of the ESBL-producers were transferred to azide-resistant E. coli J53 by conjugation. The presence and identity of ESBL and qnr genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleotide sequencing.
RESULTS
The prevalence of ESBLs was 17.7% (297/1,680) of E. coli and 26.5% (240/904) of K. pneumoniae in our hospital during the study periods. Of the 111 collected isolates, 69 isolates were E. coli and 42 isolates were K. pneumoniae. The most prevalent ESBL genotype was CTX-M15. Among the ESBL-producing isolates, 4 E. coli (5.8%) and 17 K. pneumoniae (40.5%) contained qnr genes. qnrB4 was the most frequent type in both E. coli and K. pneumoniae.
CONCLUSION
CTX-M15 was the most frequently encountered ESBL. In addition, a high prevalence of qnr genes among ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae was identified in this study.

Keyword

E. coli; K. pneumoniae; Antimicrobial resistance; ESBL; qnr

MeSH Terms

Azides/pharmacology
Bacterial Proteins/*metabolism
Cefotaxime/pharmacology
Ceftazidime/pharmacology
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics
Escherichia coli/drug effects/*enzymology
Escherichia coli Infections/*microbiology
Escherichia coli Proteins/*metabolism
Humans
Klebsiella Infections/*microbiology
Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects/*enzymology
Korea
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Polymerase Chain Reaction
beta-Lactamases/*metabolism

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