Yonsei Med J.  1985 Jun;26(1):39-43. 10.3349/ymj.1985.26.1.39.

Serum Electrolyte and Acid Base Composition in Patients with Graded Degrees of Chronic Renal Failure

• Lee HY
• Joo HY
• Han DS

• KMID: 692990
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.1985.26.1.39

Abstract

One hundred sixty-three patients with graded degrees of uncomplicated stable chronic renal failure were studied to investigate the quantitative relationship between serum acid-base and electrolyte composition and serum creatinine level. Even in patients with a mild degree of renal failure, the serum total carbon dioxide (tCO2) content was reduced significantly. Progressive decrements in tCO2 were noted in the more severe degrees of renal failure with the reciprocal relationship between tCO2 and serum creatinine concentration. Depending upon the degree of chronic renal failure, the type of metabolic acidosis was different. In patients with a moderate degree of renal failure, hyperchloremic acidosis was noted with anion gap remaining normal. As the renal failure progressed to a more severe degree, this pattern of hyperchloremic acidosis changed to anion gap acidosis with a normal serum chloride level. The highest anion gap was 25 mEq/L in the patient with serum creatinine concentration 24.7mg/dL.

Keyword

Chronic renal failure; hyperchloremic acidosis; anion gap acidosis

MeSH Terms

Acid-Base Equilibrium*
Acidosis/etiology*
Adult
Carbon Dioxide/blood
Chlorides/blood
Creatinine/blood
Electrolytes/blood*
Human
Hyperkalemia/etiology
Kidney Failure, Chronic/blood*
Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications
Middle Age
Sodium/blood