Int J Stem Cells.
2024 Nov;17(4):353-373. 10.15283/ijsc23148.
Inducing Pluripotency in Somatic Cells: Historical Perspective and Recent Advances
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- 2Department of General Pediatrics, University of Children’s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- 3Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
- 4Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- 5The Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration and Immunology, TRON-Translational Oncology, The University Medical Center of The Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
- 6Department of Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2562356
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc23148
Abstract
- Inducing pluripotency in somatic cells is mediated by the Yamanaka factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. The resulting induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great promise for regenerative medicine by virtue of their ability to differentiate into different types of functional cells. Specifically, iPSCs derived directly from patients offer a powerful platform for creating in vitro disease models. This facilitates elucidation of pathological mechanisms underlying human diseases and development of new therapeutic agents mitigating disease phenotypes. Furthermore, genetically and phenotypically corrected patient-derived iPSCs by gene-editing technology or the supply of specific pharmaceutical agents can be used for preclinical and clinical trials to investigate their therapeutic potential. Despite great advances in developing reprogramming methods, the efficiency of iPSC generation remains still low and varies between donor cell types, hampering the potential application of iPSC technology. This paper reviews histological timeline showing important discoveries that have led to iPSC generation and discusses recent advances in iPSC technology by highlighting donor cell types employed for iPSC generation.
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