J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2021 Oct;51(5):352-363. 10.5051/jpis.2007520376.

Effects of ibuprofen-loaded TiO ₂ nanotube dental implants in alloxaninduced diabetic rabbits

• Kim YG
• Kim WT
• Jung BH
• Yoo KY
• Um HS
• Chang BS
• Lee JK
• Choi WY

• KMID: 2557513
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2007520376

Abstract

Purpose
Some systemic conditions, especially diabetes mellitus (DM), adversely affect dental implant success. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ibuprofen-loaded TiO ₂v nanotube (ILTN) dental implants in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits.
Methods
Twenty-six New Zealand white rabbits were treated with alloxan monohydrate to induce DM. At 2 weeks following DM induction, 3 types of implants (sandblasted, large-grit, and acid-etched [SLA], ILTN, and machined) were placed into the proximal tibia in the 10 rabbits that survived following DM induction. Each type of implant was fitted randomly in 1 of the holes (round-robin method). The animals were administered alizarin (at 3 weeks) and calcein (at 6 weeks) as fluorescent bone markers, and were sacrificed at 8 weeks for radiographic and histomorphometric analyses.
Results
TiO₂ nanotube arrays of ~70 nm in diameter and ~17 μm in thickness were obtained, and ibuprofen was loaded into the TiO₂ nanotube arrays. A total of 26 rabbits were treated with alloxan monohydrate and only 10 rabbits survived. The 10 surviving rabbits showed a blood glucose level of 300 mg/dL or higher, and the implants were placed in these diabetic rabbits. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) values were significantly higher in the ILTN group (ISQ: 61.8, BIC: 41.3%) and SLA group (ISQ: 62.6, BIC: 46.3%) than in the machined group (ISQ: 53.4, BIC: 20.2%), but the difference in the BIC percentage between the SLA and ILTN groups was not statistically significant (P=0.628). However, the bone area percentage was significantly higher in the ILTN group (78.0%) than in the SLA group (52.1%; P=0.000).
Conclusions
The: ILTN dental implants showed better stability (ISQ) and BIC than the machined implants; however, these values were similar to the commercially used SLA implants in the 2-week diabetic rabbit model.

Keyword

Alloxan; Dental implant; Diabetes mellitus; Ibuprofen; Nanotubes