Psychiatry Investig.  2023 Dec;20(12):1211-1220. 10.30773/pi.2023.0371.

Early Trauma Subtypes are Differentially Related to Anxiety Symptomatology and Suicidal Ideation in Panic Disorder

• Kim HJ
• Kim J
• Yook KH
• Choi TK
• Lee SH

• KMID: 2549080
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2023.0371

Abstract

Objective
Early trauma significantly affects the severity of panic disorder (PD) symptoms and suicidal ideation. However, few studies have explored the specific effects of different early trauma subtypes on PD. This study analyzed how childhood trauma subtypes, including general, physical, emotional, and sexual, influence panic and phobia levels and suicidal ideation in adults with PD and healthy controls (HCs).
Methods
In total, 455 adults with PD and 149 HCs participated in this study. The independent variables were sociodemographic and clinical variables such as coping strategies and early trauma subtypes from the Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form. The dependent variables were the Albany Panic and Phobia Questionnaire (APPQ), the Panic Disorder Severity Scale, and the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI).
Results
Early emotional trauma significantly influenced the APPQ scores, whereas early physical trauma significantly influenced the SSI scores in patients with PD. However, in HCs, only early emotional trauma was significantly associated with the APPQ and SSI scores.
Conclusion
These findings highlight the influence of early trauma subtypes on the phobic symptom severity of PD and suicidal ideation among patients with PD. Early emotional trauma is associated with the severity of phobic symptoms, whereas early physical trauma is associated with suicidal ideation, suggesting distinct clinical outcomes based on the type of trauma in patients with PD.

Keyword

Panic disorder; Adverse childhood experiences; Anxiety; Phobia; Suicidal ideation