Ann Rehabil Med.  2023 Jul;47(Suppl 1):S1-S26. 10.5535/arm.23069.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

• Yang S
• Park JW
• Min K
• Lee YS
• Song YJ
• Choi SH
• Kim DY
• Lee SH
• Yang HS
• Cha W
• Kim JW
• Oh BM
• Seo HG
• Kim MW
• Woo HS
• Park SJ
• Jee S
• Oh JS
• Park KD
• Jin YJ
• Han S
• Yoo D
• Kim BH
• Lee HH
• Kim YH
• Kang MG
• Chung EJ
• Kim BR
• Kim TW
• Ko EJ
• Park YM
• Park H
• Kim MS
• Seok J
• Im S
• Ko SH
• Lim SH
• Jung KW
• Lee TH
• Hong BY
• Kim W
• Shin WS
• Lee YC
• Park SJ
• Lim J
• Kim Y
• Lee JH
• Ahn KM
• Paeng JY
• Park J
• Song YA
• Seo KC
• Ryu CH
• Cho JK
• Lee JH
• Choi KH

• KMID: 2544579
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5535/arm.23069

Abstract

Objective
Dysphagia is a common clinical condition characterized by difficulty in swallowing. It is sub-classified into oropharyngeal dysphagia, which refers to problems in the mouth and pharynx, and esophageal dysphagia, which refers to problems in the esophageal body and esophagogastric junction. Dysphagia can have a significant negative impact one’s physical health and quality of life as its severity increases. Therefore, proper assessment and management of dysphagia are critical for improving swallowing function and preventing complications. Thus a guideline was developed to provide evidence-based recommendations for assessment and management in patients with dysphagia.
Methods
Nineteen key questions on dysphagia were developed. These questions dealt with various aspects of problems related to dysphagia, including assessment, management, and complications. A literature search for relevant articles was conducted using Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and one domestic database of KoreaMed, until April 2021. The level of evidence and recommendation grade were established according to the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology.
Results
Early screening and assessment of videofluoroscopic swallowing were recommended for assessing the presence of dysphagia. Therapeutic methods, such as tongue and pharyngeal muscle strengthening exercises and neuromuscular electrical stimulation with swallowing therapy, were effective in improving swallowing function and quality of life in patients with dysphagia. Nutritional intervention and an oral care program were also recommended.
Conclusion
This guideline presents recommendations for the assessment and management of patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia, including rehabilitative strategies.

Keyword

Deglutition disorders; Rehabilitation; Diagnosis; Treatment; Therapeutics

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