Clin Pediatr Hematol Oncol.  2023 Apr;30(1):11-20. 10.15264/cpho.2023.30.1.11.

Acute Complications of Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Their Effects on Survival: A Single-Center Experience in Korea

• Lee KM
• Ahn WK
• Han JW
• Lyu CJ
• Hahn SM

• KMID: 2542110
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.15264/cpho.2023.30.1.11

Abstract

Background
Acute complications within 100 days after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can increase immediate mortality as well as the risk of chronic complications and morbidity. A comprehensive review collecting systemic complications following transplantation would be important in pediatric patients.
Methods
We report a retrospective study of pediatric patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT during the 11 years (2009-2020), and their acute complications after transplantation within 100 days. A total 227 pediatric patients’ (90 females, 137 males) data were collected.
Results
Among the patients, 62.6% (N=142) suffered from acute graft-versus-host disease, and 118 (52.0%) patients had an acute infection. Pulmonary complications occurred in 52 (22.9%) patients followed by hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in 30 (18.1%) patients. In the study, 19 died within the first 100 days after HSCT (8.4%), and the 5-year overall survival rate of the patients was 65.4%.
Conclusion
This study widens the understanding of acute toxicities of pediatric HSCT. A significant number of children still have experienced a variety of acute infectious or non-infectious complications after allogeneic HSCT that contribute to morbidity and mortality. Therefore, continuous efforts are needed to reduce them.

Keyword

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Pediatric; Graft versus host disease; Infection