Korean J Clin Pharm.  2021 Mar;31(1):21-26. 10.24304/kjcp.2021.31.1.21.

Analysis of Pharmacogenetic Information in Korea Drug Labels

• Lee M
• Kim S
• Yee J
• Gwak HS
• Choi KH

• KMID: 2517300
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.24304/kjcp.2021.31.1.21

Abstract

Background
Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genetic mutations in patients affect their response to drugs. Pharmacogenomic studies aim to maximize drug effects and minimize adverse drug events. The Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicine Agency published guidelines for pharmacogenetics in 2005 and 2006, respectively; the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety followed suit in 2015.
Methods
This study analyzed pharmacogenomic information in the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety’s integrated drug information system to evaluate whether domestic pharmaceutical products reflect the current research on pharmacogenomic differences.
Results
In June 2020, the Korean pharmacogenomic database contained genomic data on 90 compounds. Of these, 45 compounds were classified as “Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents.” The other 45 nonantineoplastic agents were in the following categories: Anti-infectives, Mental & behavior disorder, Hormone & metabolism related diseases, Cardiovascular system, Skin & subcutaneous tissue disease, Genito-urinary system and sex hormones, Blood and blood forming organs, Nervous system, Alimentary tract and metabolism, Musculo-skeletal system, and Other conditions including the respiratory system. In addition, 30 additives unrelated to the main ingredient were associated with genetic precautions.
Conclusion
This study showed that antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents accounted for half the drugs associated with pharmacogenetic information. For antitumor and immunomodulatory drugs, genomic tests were recommended depending on the indication; this was in contrast to genomic testing recommendations for non-antineoplastic medications. Genomic tests were rarely requested or recommended for non-antineoplastic medications because the relationships between genotype and efficacy among those drugs were relatively weak.

Keyword

Pharmacogenomics; precision medicine; genotype; biomarkers; drug labeling