Kidney Res Clin Pract.  2020 Dec;39(4):414-425. 10.23876/j.krcp.20.089.

Cumulative fluid balance and mortality in elderly patients with acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal-replacement therapy: a multicenter prospective cohort study

Affiliations
  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • 2Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
  • 3Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • 4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • 5Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • 6Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Background
The effect of fluid balance on outcomes in elderly patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring continuous renal-replacement therapy (CRRT) is not explained well. We investigated outcomes according to cumulative fluid balance (CFB) in elderly patients with AKI undergoing CRRT.
Methods
A total of 607 patients aged 65 years or older who started CRRT due to AKI were enrolled and stratified into two groups (fluid overload [FO] vs. no fluid overload [NFO]) based on the median CFB value for 72 hours before CRRT initiation. Propensity score-matching analysis was performed.
Results
The median age of included patients was 73.0 years and 60.0% of the population was male. The median 72-hour CFB value was 2,839.0 mL. The overall cumulative survival and 28-day survival rates were lower in the FO group than in the NFO group (P < 0.001 for both) and remained so after propensity score-matching. Furthermore, patients in the FO group demonstrated a higher overall mortality risk after adjustment for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, Charlson comorbidity index, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, serum albumin, creatinine, diuretic use, and mechanical ventilation status (hazard ratio, 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 1.89; P < 0.001). Among survivors, both the duration of CRRT and the total duration of hospitalization from CRRT initiation showed no difference between the FO and NFO groups.
Conclusion
A higher CFB value is associated with an increased risk of mortality in elderly patients with AKI requiring CRRT.

Keyword

Acute kidney injury; Aged; Continuous renal-replacement therapy; Cumulative fluid balance; Survival
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