Korean J Gastroenterol.  2020 Jan;75(1):39-45. 10.4166/kjg.2020.75.1.39.

Effect of Sodium Cromoglycate on Acetic Acid-induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice

• Ghafouri Z
• Seyyedian
• Nikbakht J
• Kouhsari E
• Bayat S
• Zargar H
• Houshmand

• KMID: 2471138
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4166/kjg.2020.75.1.39

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that mainly involves the colon. Thus far, glucocorticoids and amino-salicylate have been the main treatment.
METHODS
To assess drugs with fewer side effects, this study evaluated the effects of sodium cromoglycate (SCG) on acetic acid-induced UC in rats. The treatment groups included SCG receivers (50 and 100 mg/kg, intra-orally) and sulfasalazine (SSZ) receivers (100 mg/kg, intra-orally). The colonic mucosal injury was assessed by clinical, macroscopic, and histopathological examinations.
RESULTS
In the treatment groups with 50 and 100 mg/kg of SCG, the clinical activity score decreased to 2.67±0.18 and 1.73±0.21 (p<0.05), respectively, compared to the UC control group (3.21±0.31), and were higher than that of the group given the standard treatment of 100 mg/kg SSZ (1.10±0.09). The treatment groups with 50 and 100 mg/kg of SCG showed a lower clinical gross lesion score than the UC control group (2.91±0.28 and 2.10±0.43, vs. 4.49±0.61, p<0.05) and were higher than the standard group (0.95±0.18). Treatment with SCG (100 mg/kg) decreased the macroscopic scores significantly compared to the UC control group (p<0.05) on the 8th day.
CONCLUSIONS
SCG (100mg/kg) decreased significantly the clinical activity score, gross lesion, and percentage-affected area compared to the UC controls on the 8th day.

Keyword

Sodium cromoglycate; Acetic acid; Colitis, ulcerative

MeSH Terms

Acetic Acid
Animals
Colitis, Ulcerative*
Colon
Cromolyn Sodium*
Glucocorticoids
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Mice*
Rats
Sodium*
Sulfasalazine
Ulcer*
Acetic Acid
Cromolyn Sodium
Glucocorticoids
Sodium
Sulfasalazine

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Schematic pattern of the experiments.

• 

  Fig. 2 Clinical activity and gross lesion score in the treatment groups. SCG, sodium cromoglycate; AA, acetic acid; SSZ, sulfasalazine.

• 

  Fig. 3 Histopathological changes in the colon of the experimental mice. (A, B) Normal intact mucosa from groups I and II, showing an intact epithelial surface (H&E, ×4). (C) Group III, acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis showing massive necrotic destruction of the epithelium, submucosal edema, areas of hemorrhage, and inflammatory cellular infiltration (H&E, ×4). (D) Group IV (SCG 50 mg/kg) showing minimal damage to the mucosa with slight submucosal edema (H&E, ×4). (E) Group V (SCG 100 mg/kg) showing significant protection of the colonic mucosa from acetic acid damage (H&E, ×4). (F) Group VI (SSZ 100 mg/kg) showing a normal colonic structure (H&E, ×4). SCG, sodium cromoglycate; SSZ, sulfasalazine.

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