J Obes Metab Syndr.
2019 Dec;28(4):278-294. 10.7570/jomes.2019.28.4.278.
Effects of Exercise on the Body Composition and Lipid Profile of Individuals with Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Physical Education, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, Korea.
- 2Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
- 3Department of Physical Education, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
- 4Department of Sports and Health Management, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Korea.
- 5Department of Sport and Healthy Aging, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Korea.
- 6Department of Sport Science, Chowan University, Murfreesboro, NC, USA.
- 7Department of Prescription and Rehabilitation of Exercise, College of Sport Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea. shinagel@dankook.ac.kr
- KMID: 2470296
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.7570/jomes.2019.28.4.278
Abstract
- BACKGROUND
Numerous researchers have worked to develop treatments for obesity; however, the prevalence of obesity continues to increase in many countries. Moreover, the effects of physical activity and exercise on obesity remain unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relationship between exercise and obesity using mediator variables such as the mode of exercise.
METHODS
Our review focuses on research tracking the effects of exercise on obesity conducted from 2007 to 2016 and available in any of three databases: Embase, PubMed, and EBSCO Academic Search Premier. The keywords used in the search were "exercise and obesity" and "exercise and obese."
RESULTS
The average size of the effects that exercise interventions have on body mass index (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.533), waist circumference (SMD, 0.666), total cholesterol (SMD, 0.721), and triglyceride (TG; SMD, 0.603) were medium or larger. Exercise had greater effects on the outward appearance of obesity (body mass index, waist circumference) than on its practical factors (weight, % body fat). The effect of exercise on TG (SMD, 0.603) was larger than that on low-density lipoprotein (SMD, 0.406) and high-density lipoprotein (SMD, −0.222). Exercise duration (weeks of exercise) and intensity correlate better than exercise time (minutes per week) with a large and consistent improvement in adult obesity.
CONCLUSION
We suggest that individuals with obesity should exercise consistently to achieve significant improvements in their health.
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