J Dent Hyg Sci.
2019 Dec;19(4):261-270. 10.17135/jdhs.2019.19.4.261.
Effect of Commercial Effervescent Vitamin Tablets on Bovine Enamel
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
- 2Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Sciences, Youngsan University, Yangsan 50510, Korea.
- 3Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea. idsun@eulji.ac.kr
- KMID: 2469742
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.17135/jdhs.2019.19.4.261
Abstract
- BACKGROUND
In this study, four types of effervescent vitamins marketed in Korea were analyzed for their acidity and vitamin content. For this purpose, bovine teeth were immersed in vitamin, and surface microhardness and appearance were measured before and after immersion to evaluate tooth demineralization and erosion.
METHODS
Bovine permanent incisors with sound surface enamel were cut to 5×5 mm size, embedded in acrylic resin, and polished using a polishing machine with Sic-paper. The prepared samples were analyzed for pH, vitamin content, and surface hardness before and after immersion using a surface microhardness meter. Demineralization of surface dental enamel was observed using a scanning electron microscope.
RESULTS
The average pH of the four effervescent vitamins was less than 5.5; the pH of the positive control Oronamin C was the lowest at 2.76, while that of the negative control Samdasoo was the highest at 6.86. The vitamin content was highest in Berocca and lowest in the DM company Multivitamin. On surface microhardness analysis, surface hardness values of all enamel samples were found to be decreased significantly after 1 and 10 minutes of immersion (p<0.05). After 10 minutes of immersion, there was a significant difference in the decrease in hardness between the experimental groups (p<0.05). Scanning electron microscopy observation showed that dental enamel demineralization after 10 minutes of immersion was the most severe in Oronamin C except for Samdasoo, followed by DM company Multivitamin and VitaHEIM. Immersion in BeroNew and Berocca resulted in similar effects.
CONCLUSION
There is a risk of tooth erosion due to decreased tooth surface microhardness when using the four types of effervescent vitamins and vitamin carbonated beverages with pH below 5.5. Therefore, high pH vitamin supplements are recommended to prevent tooth erosion.
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