Korean J Intern Med.
2019 Nov;34(6):1372-1380. 10.3904/kjim.2016.397.
Standardized, musculoskeletal ultrasonographic reference values for healthy Korean adults
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea.
- 4Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.
- 5Department of Internal Medicine, Jung’s Rheumatism Clinic, Seoul, Korea.
- 6Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 7Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
- 8Department of Internal Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- 9Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea.
- 10Department of Internal Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea.
- 11Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea.
- 12Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
- 13Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
- 14Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea. chyoon@catholic.ac.kr
- KMID: 2463495
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2016.397
Abstract
- BACKGROUND/AIMS
To define standard reference values for musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MSUS) in Korea.
METHODS
A total of 251 healthy adults were recruited for this study. Ultrasonography was performed by experienced rheumatologists who had undergone four appropriate training programs in Korea. A General Electric LOGIQ electronic ultrasound device fitted with a 12 MHz linear transducer was employed. Mean values ± standard deviations (SDs) were defined as standard reference values. Intraclass correlation coefficients was employed to evaluate the extent of inter- and intraobserver agreement when MSUS measurements were made.
RESULTS
The 251 study participants included 122 males. Mean subject age was 28.6 years. The average bone-to-capsule distance of the right-side second and third metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints were 0.68 and 0.72 mm respectively, and those of the left-side joints 0.62 and 0.68 mm. The cartilage thicknesses of the right-side second and third MCP joints were 0.55 and 0.55 mm, and those of the left-side joints were 0.55 and 0.56 mm, respectively. The bone-to-capsule distances of the right and left wrists were 0.80 and 0.82 mm. In 12.4% of participants (31/251), the erosion score of the humeral head was 1.71. In the right-side knee joint, mean cartilage thicknesses of the medial and lateral condyles were 1.86 and 2.03 mm in longitudinal scans. High overall interobserver agreement was evident after appropriate training that included instruction on standard MSUS methodology.
CONCLUSIONS
We defined standard reference values for MSUS in healthy Korean adults. The reliabilities of interobserver agreements were high after appropriate training program.
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