J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs.  2019 Sep;30(3):271-280. 10.12799/jkachn.2019.30.3.271.

Effects of a Self-Care Reinforcement Program for Socially Vulnerable Elderly Women with Metabolic Syndrome in Korea

• Park M
• Sung K

• KMID: 2459367
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2019.30.3.271

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study evaluates the efficacy of a Self-Care Reinforcement Program (SCRP) based on the Selection Optimization Compensation (SOC) model, in socially vulnerable elderly women with metabolic syndrome.
METHODS
This study adopts a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The participants were 64 socially vulnerable elderly Korean women with metabolic syndrome (experimental group: 31, control group: 33). Participants' body composition analysis, nutrient intake, risk factors of metabolic syndrome, depressive symptoms, and social network were measured. Data were analyzed with an independent t-test; statistical significance levels were set at p<.05. The SCRP, including metabolic syndrome education, nutritional education, exercise, and social network, was performed three times a week for 8 weeks.
RESULTS
There were statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in terms of systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure, fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, sodium intake, depressive symptoms, and social networks.
CONCLUSION
The SCRP is effective and can be recommended as a community health nursing intervention for socially vulnerable elderly women with metabolic syndrome.

Keyword

Metabolic syndrome; Vulnerable populations; Social networking; Nutrition assessment

MeSH Terms

Aged*
Blood Glucose
Blood Pressure
Body Composition
Community Health Nursing
Compensation and Redress
Depression
Depressive Disorder
Education
Fasting
Female
Humans
Korea*
Nutrition Assessment
Risk Factors
Self Care*
Social Networking
Sodium
Triglycerides
Vulnerable Populations
Blood Glucose
Sodium
Triglycerides

Reference

1. OECD. Society at a Glance 2019, OECD Social Indicators. Paris: OECD Publiching;2019. p. 132. DOI: 10.1787/soc_glance-2019-en.

2. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Livelihood Protection Recipients Statistics. Seoul: Ministry of Health and Welfare;2018. cited 2019 July 24. Available from: http://meta.narastat.kr/metasvc/svc/SvcMetaDcDtaPopup.do?orgId=117&confmNo=117014&kosisYn=Y.

3. Kim SH, So WY. Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome and its components in elderly Korean adults. Experimental Gerontology. 2016; 84:107–112. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.09.012.

4. Park KY. Factors influencing health-related quality of life by gender among elderly beneficiaries of the national basic livelihood security system: Using the community health survey, 2010. Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society. 2013; 15(6):3219–3233.

5. Dallongeville J, Cottel D, Ferrières J, Arveiler D, Bingham A, Ruidavets JB, et al. Household income is associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome in a sex-specific manner. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(2):409–415. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.28.2.409.

6. No JK. Evaluation of exercise and dietary intake in the Korean elder according to the classification of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Korean Journal of Obesity. 2012; 21(4):236–244.

7. Chung HK, Kang JH, Shin MJ. Assessment of nutrient intakes in Korean women according to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Korean Journal of Community Nutrition. 2010; 15(5):694–703.

8. Yoon JS, Jang HK. Diet quality and food patterns of obese adult women from low income classes-based on 2005 KNHANES. Korean Journal of Community Nutrition. 2011; 16(6):706–715.

9. Huang L, Xue J, He Y, Wang J, Sun C, Feng R, et al. Dietary calcium but not elemental calcium from supplements is associated with body composition and obesity in Chinese women. Public Library of Science One. 2011; 6(12):e27703.

10. Jang HK. Dietary risk factors related to obesity and metabolic syndrome among low-income women: Using data from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. [dissertation]. [Daegu]: Keimyung University;2014. 144.

11. Kim CJ. Mental health and self-care activities according to perceived stress level in type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing. 2010; 22(1):51–59.

12. Won JS, Kim KH. Evaluation of cognitive functions, depression, life satisfaction among the elderly receiving visiting nursing services. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2008; 38(1):1–10.

13. Kang EN, Kim HJ, Chung BO. The social network types and depression among old-old elderly. Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies. 2015; 46(2):229–255.

14. Guiaux M, Van Tilburg T, Broese van groenou M. Changes in contact and support exchange in personal networks after widowhood. Personal Relationships. 2007; 14(3):457–473.

15. Kim SY, Choi KW, Oh HY. Relationships of social networks to health status among the urban low-income elderly. The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing. 2010; 13(1):53–61.

16. Oh IG, Oh YS, Kim MI. Effect of social networks on the depression of elderly women in Korea: Analysis of the intermediating effect of health promoting behavior. Korean Journal of Family Welfare. 2009; 14(1):113–136.

17. Baltes PB, Baltes MM. Psychological perspectives on successful aging: The model of selective optimization with compensation. Successful Aging: Perspectives from the Behavioral Sciences. 1990; 1(1):1–34. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511665684.003.

18. Baltes PB, Lindenberger U, Staudinger UM. Life span theory in developmental psychology. In : Damon W, Lerner RM, editors. Handbook of child psychology: Theoretical models of human development (Volume 1). 5th ed. New York: Wiley;1998. p. 1029–1143.

19. Erdfelder E, Faul F, Buchner A. G*POWER: A general power analysis program. Behavior research Methods, Instruments, & Computers. 1996; 28(1):1–11.

20. Kee BS. A preliminary study for the standardization of geriatric depression scale short form-Korea version. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. 1996; 35(2):298–307.

21. Lee KW, Kim SY, Chung WB, Hwang GS, Hwang YW, Hwang IH. The validity and reliability of Korean version of lubben social network scale. Korean Journal of Family Medicine. 2009; 30(5):352–358. DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2009.30.5.352.

22. Lubben JE. Assessing social networks among elderly populations. Family & Community Health. 1988; 11(3):42–52.

23. Park YA, Kim DH. Effects of aquarobics on metabolic syndrome and health fitness in abdominally obese elderly women. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. 2015; 16(8):5180–5188. DOI: 10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.8.5180.

24. Park KR, Cho YC. Prevalence rates of risk factors of metabolic syndrome, and its related with obesity indices among the health checkup examinees. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. 2016; 17(3):153–162. DOI: 10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.3.153.

25. Kim MK, Park JH. Metabolic syndrome. Journal of the Korean Medical Association. 2012; 55(10):1005–1013. DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2012.55.10.1005.

26. Jung EJ, Son SM, Kwon JS. The effect of sodium reduction education program of a public health center on the blood pressure, blood biochemical profile and sodium intake of hypertensive adults. Korean Journal of Community Nutrition. 2012; 17(6):752–771. DOI: 10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.6.752.

27. Ministry of Health and Welfare, The Korean Nutrition Society. Dietary reference intakes for Koreans 2015. Sejong: Ministry of Health and Welfare;2015. p. 1108.

28. Yang EJ, Bang HM. Nutritional status and health risks of low income elderly women in Gwangju area. Korean Journal of Nutrition. 2008; 41(1):65–76.

29. Lee G, Choi HY, Yang SJ. Effects of dietary and physical activity interventions on metabolic syndrome: A meta-analysis. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2015; 45(4):483–494. DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2015.45.4.483.