J Korean Med Sci.
2019 Jul;34(29):e202. 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e202.
Effect of Hyperglycemia on Myocardial Perfusion in Diabetic Porcine Models and Humans
- Affiliations
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- 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea. changhwanyoon@gmail.com
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
- KMID: 2453086
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e202
Abstract
- BACKGROUND
Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes macro- and microvasculopathy, but data on cardiac microvascular changes in large animals are scarce. We sought to determine the effect of DM on macro- and microvascular changes in diabetic pigs and humans.
METHODS
Eight domestic pigs (4 with type I diabetes and 4 controls) underwent coronary angiography with optical coherence tomography (OCT; at baseline and 1 and 2 months), coronary computed tomography angiography, cardiac magnet resonance (CMR) imaging, and histologic examination.
RESULTS
The diabetic pigs had more irregular capillaries with acellular capillaries and a smaller capillary diameter (11.7 ± 0.33 μm vs. 13.5 ± 0.53 μm; P < 0.001) than those of the control pigs. The OCT showed no significant epicardial stenosis in either group; however diabetic pigs had a greater intima-media thickness. CMR results showed that diabetic pigs had a lower relative upslope at rest (31.3 ± 5.9 vs. 37.9 ± 8.1; P = 0.011) and during stress (18.0 ± 3.0 vs. 21.6 ± 2.8; P = 0.007) than the control pigs, implying decreased myocardial perfusion. Among the 79 patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction, 25 had diabetes and they had lower myocardial perfusion on CMR as well.
CONCLUSION
DM causes microvascular remodeling and a decrease in myocardial perfusion in large animals at a very early stage of the disease course. Early and effective interventions are necessary to interrupt the progression of vascular complications in diabetic patients.
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