Nutr Res Pract.  2018 Jun;12(3):222-232. 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.3.222.

Total energy intake according to the level of skeletal muscle mass in Korean adults aged 30 years and older: an analysis of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) 2008–2011

• Jang BY
• Bu SY

• KMID: 2442296
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2018.12.3.222

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
Since gain or loss of skeletal muscle mass is a gradual event and occurs due to a combination of lifestyle factors, assessment of dietary factors related to skeletal muscle is complicated. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in total energy intake according to the level of skeletal muscle mass.
SUBJECTS/METHODS
A total of 8,165 subjects ≥ 30 years of age from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) 2008-2011 were included in the analysis, and multivariate-adjusted regression analyses were performed to analyze the association of the quartiles of sarcopenia index (SI) with energy intake of the study population after adjusting for age and metabolic parameters.
RESULTS
The increase in SI quartile was in proportion to the gradual decrease in systemic lipids and the anthropometric measurement of fat accumulation (P < 0.001). Subjects in higher SI quartiles tended to consume more total energy and energy-producing nutrients than those in lower quartiles (P < 0.001). After age, body weight, alcohol consumption, and metabolic parameters were adjusted in the analysis, total energy intake gradually increased according to the increase in SI quartile, and the association between total energy intake and SI was more pronounced in men. However, the risk (odd ratio) of having a low SI was not affected by any single macronutrient intake.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, total energy intake was positively associated with SI and relative skeletal mass in both men and women. However, no significant association or a weak association was observed between any single macronutrient intake and skeletal muscle mass. The data indicated that acquiring more energy intake within the normal range of energy consumption may help to maintain skeletal muscle mass.

Keyword

Muscles; energy intake; aging; sarcopenia; gender

MeSH Terms

Adult*
Aging
Alcohol Drinking
Body Weight
Energy Intake*
Female
Humans
Life Style
Male
Muscle, Skeletal*
Muscles
Reference Values
Sarcopenia

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Flow diagram of subject inclusion and exclusion.KNHANES, Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys; DXA, Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; BMI, Body mass index; REE, Resting energy expenditure; KDRI, Korean dietary reference intake.

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