J Genet Med.  2018 Dec;15(2):110-114. 10.5734/JGM.2018.15.2.110.

Novel compound heterozygous mutations of ATM in ataxia-telangiectasia: A case report and calculated prevalence in the Republic of Korea

• Jang MJ
• Lee CG
• Kim HJ

• KMID: 2435952
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5734/JGM.2018.15.2.110

Abstract

Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT; OMIM 208900) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited progressive neurodegenerative disorder, with onset in early childhood. AT is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in ATM (OMIM 607585) on chromosome 11q22. The average prevalence of the disease is estimated at 1 of 100,000 children worldwide. The prevalence of AT in the Republic of Korea is suggested to be extremely low, with only a few cases genetically confirmed thus far. Herein, we report a 5-year-old Korean boy with clinical features such as progressive gait and truncal ataxia, both ankle spasticity, dysarthria, and mild intellectual disability. The patient was identified as a compound heterozygote with two novel genetic variants: a paternally derived c.5288_5289insGA p.(Tyr1763*) nonsense variant and a maternally derived c.8363A>C p.(His2788Pro) missense variant, as revealed by next-generation sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Based on claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Republic of Korea, we calculated the prevalence of AT in the Republic of Korea to be about 0.9 per million individuals, which is similar to the worldwide average. Therefore, we suggest that multi-gene panel sequencing including ATM should be considered early diagnosis.

Keyword

Spinocerebellar degenerations; Ataxia telangiectasia; High-throughput nucleotide sequencing; Prevalence

MeSH Terms

Ankle
Ataxia
Ataxia Telangiectasia*
Child
Child, Preschool
Databases, Genetic
Dysarthria
Early Diagnosis
Gait
Heterozygote
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Humans
Insurance, Health
Intellectual Disability
Male
Muscle Spasticity
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Prevalence*
Republic of Korea*
Spinocerebellar Degenerations