J Korean Child Neurol Soc.  2018 Sep;26(3):146-151. 10.26815/jkcns.2018.26.3.146.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Developmental Delay in Preterm Infants Using Screening Test

• Choi SE
• Lee KH

• KMID: 2435226
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.26815/jkcns.2018.26.3.146

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for developmental delays in preterm infants.
METHODS
We studied 151 preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at the Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital from January 2013 to November 2016. After discharge, the infants were evaluated by a pediatric neurologist via the developmental screening test K-ASQ:SE II, which consists of five domains: communication (CC), gross motor (GM), fine motor (FM), problem solving (PS), and social-emotional (SE). The subjects were divided into a normal group and an abnormal group (abnormal results on at least one of the five domains). Several variables were compared between the two groups and risk factors for developmental delays were analyzed.
RESULTS
Several factors, such as birth weight (BW), gestational age (GA), Apgar score at 1 and 5 min (AS1, AS5), hospital days (HDs), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), chronic lung diseases, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), early sepsis, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and history of management of invasive ventilators, dexamethasone, anti-hypotensive, were significantly different between the normal and abnormal groups. BW was a risk factor for developmental delay according to the binary logistic regression analysis. On individual domain analysis, risk factors were lower GA for domains CC and FM, lower AS1 for GM domain, lower BW for PS domain, and longer HDs for SE domain.
CONCLUSION
In preterm infants, regular developmental screening especially follow-up observation, is important for early detection of developmental delay, considering the risk factors, such as GA (≤30 weeks), BW (≤1,500 g), low AS1, and long HDs, which may be helpful in the early diagnosis of developmental delay.

Keyword

Preterm infant; Developmental delays; Risk factors; Developmental screening test

MeSH Terms

Apgar Score
Birth Weight
Dexamethasone
Early Diagnosis
Follow-Up Studies
Gestational Age
Heart
Hemorrhage
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature*
Intensive Care, Neonatal
Logistic Models
Lung Diseases
Mass Screening*
Problem Solving
Retinopathy of Prematurity
Risk Factors*
Sepsis
Ventilators, Mechanical
Dexamethasone