J Cancer Prev.  2017 Dec;22(4):241-247. 10.15430/JCP.2017.22.4.241.

Secondary Primary Prostate Cancer after Colorectal Cancer: A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study in Korea

• Kim HS
• Choi YJ
• Shin DW
• Han KD
• Yoon H
• Shin CM
• Park YS
• Kim N
• Lee DH

• KMID: 2434286
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2017.22.4.241

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and prostate cancer frequently occur in developed countries. There are several reports on the association between CRC and prostate cancer; however, the conclusions are inconsistent to investigate the association of the development of secondary primary prostate cancer among patients with prior primary CRC using a nationwide population-based dataset.
METHODS
Patients registered in the Republic of Korea National Health Insurance System database who were diagnosed with CRC between 2007 and 2012 were followed-up until the end of 2015, and we investigated the new diagnosis secondary primary prostate cancer. We compared the incidence of prostate cancer in age-matched controls using the Cox proportional hazards models.
RESULTS
We analyzed a total of 85,455 first primary CRC survivors. During the follow-up period of 494,222 person-years, 2,005 patients (2.30%) developed secondary primary prostate cancer (incidence rate 4.06/1,000 person-years). The median duration of follow-up was 5.78 years. Compared with the general population, CRC patients had a significantly increased risk of secondary primary prostate cancer (HR = 2.30, 95% CI = 2.18-2.43; P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis (including age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and income) showed that age < 55 years (HR = 20.74, 95% CI = 11.81-36.41; P < 0.001) is a significant independent predictor of secondary primary prostate cancer development.
CONCLUSIONS
Men diagnosed with colorectal cancer are at an increased risk of secondary primary prostate cancer, particularly those aged < 55 years. The data suggests that colorectal cancer patients aged < 55 years require regular screening for prostate cancer.

Keyword

Colorectal neoplasm; Prostatic neoplasm; Second primary neoplasms

MeSH Terms

Body Mass Index
Cohort Studies*
Colorectal Neoplasms*
Dataset
Developed Countries
Diabetes Mellitus
Diagnosis
Dyslipidemias
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Hypertension
Incidence
Korea*
Male
Mass Screening
Multivariate Analysis
National Health Programs
Neoplasms, Second Primary
Proportional Hazards Models
Prostate*
Prostatic Neoplasms*
Republic of Korea
Survivors